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清华大学学报(自然科学版)  2017, Vol. 57 Issue (5): 537-543,549    DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.22.034
  核能与新能源工程 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
空间反应堆Brayton循环的热力学特性
李智, 杨小勇, 王捷, 张作义
清华大学 核能与新能源技术研究院, 先进核能技术协同创新中心, 先进反应堆工程与安全教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084
Thermodynamic analysis of a Brayton cycle system for a space power reactor
LI Zhi, YANG Xiaoyong, WANG Jie, ZHANG Zuoyi
Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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摘要 地面Brayton循环系统具备高效、紧凑的特点,经过优化后,可适用于空间反应堆。该文利用Fortran语言对空间Brayton循环进行数学建模,以循环工质为基础对系统进行改进,对氦氙混合工质下闭式Brayton循环进行热力学分析,讨论混合工质成分变化对Brayton循环的综合影响。研究结果表明:加入氙气降低了Brayton循环热力学性能,循环效率和比功均有降低;但氙气的加入有效降低压气机膨胀功,改善循环气动性能。氦气与氙气在热力性能与气动性能中表现互补,纯氦工质中加入适量氙气可使Brayton循环系统减少压气机、换热器数量,从而具备空间应用的潜力。
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李智
杨小勇
王捷
张作义
关键词 空间反应堆Brayton循环氦氙混合气体热力学分析    
Abstract:The land-use closed Brayton cycle system has high energy conversion efficiencies in a compact configuration. The Brayton cycle can be used in space nuclear plants with some modifications. This paper uses a mathematical model developed using Fortran computer language for a space Brayton cycle system to optimize the working fluid for power conversion units in a space power reactor to improve the design of space power reactors. The results show that xenon reduces the cycle's efficiency and specific power as the xenon mole fraction increases. However, a proper amount of xenon will reduce the enthalpy changes in the turbomachine, which is good for the system's aerodynamics. Helium and xenon have complementary advantages for the system's thermodynamic and aerodynamic performance. By mixing helium working fluid with appropriate amount of xenon, the Brayton cycle system gives better space reactor designs by decreasing the number of compressors and heat exchangers.
Key wordsspace power reactor    Brayton cycle    mixture of helium and xenon    thermodynamic analysis
收稿日期: 2016-09-06      出版日期: 2017-05-15
ZTFLH:  TL411+.7  
通讯作者: 王捷,研究员,E-mail:wjinet@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn     E-mail: wjinet@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
引用本文:   
李智, 杨小勇, 王捷, 张作义. 空间反应堆Brayton循环的热力学特性[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 57(5): 537-543,549.
LI Zhi, YANG Xiaoyong, WANG Jie, ZHANG Zuoyi. Thermodynamic analysis of a Brayton cycle system for a space power reactor. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2017, 57(5): 537-543,549.
链接本文:  
http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.22.034  或          http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2017/V57/I5/537
  图1 空间Brayton循环示意图
  图2 空间Brayton循环T-S
  表1 地面Brayton循环常用工质物性对比[10]
  图3 绝热系数随氦气摩尔分数的变化
  图4 相对压损系数随氦气摩尔分数的变化
  图5 回热度随氦气摩尔分数的变化与工质特征点
  表2 工质特征点的特性
  图6 压气机相对焓升随氦气摩尔分数的变化
  图7 工质绝热系数对循环效率的影响
  图8 工质绝热系数对比功的影响
  图9 相对压损系数对效率的影响
  图10 相对压损系数对系统比功的影响
  图11 回热度对效率的影响
  图12 回热度对比功的影响
  图13 工质成分变化对循环效率的影响
  图14 工质成分变化对比功的影响
  图15 3个工质特征点的T-S 图(效率最大)
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