Please wait a minute...
 首页  期刊介绍 期刊订阅 联系我们 横山亮次奖 百年刊庆
 
最新录用  |  预出版  |  当期目录  |  过刊浏览  |  阅读排行  |  下载排行  |  引用排行  |  横山亮次奖  |  百年刊庆
清华大学学报(自然科学版)  2020, Vol. 60 Issue (6): 507-517    DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2019.21.040
  专题:能源领域中的多相流动基础及应用 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
流化床燃烧中N2O生成机理与减排技术
苗苗1, 张缦1, 吕俊复1, 杨海瑞1, 张凯2
1. 清华大学 能源与动力工程系, 电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室, 热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084;
2. 太原锅炉集团有限公司, 太原 030008
N2O formation mechanism and control in circulating fluidized beds
MIAO Miao1, ZHANG Man1, L�Junfu1, YANG Hairui1, ZHANG Kai2
1. Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2. Taiyuan Boiler Group Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030008, China
全文: PDF(1011 KB)  
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
摘要 循环流化床(CFB)由于煤种适应性好、负荷调节能力强、污染物排放低等优点近些年获得越来越广泛的应用,然而N2O排放浓度较高成为制约循环流化床应用的一大因素,因此对N2O的生成机理以及影响因素进行调研、总结N2O的减排措施是十分必要的。本文探讨了在循环流化床燃煤中N2O的生成机理,并对煤的各项性质、床温、过量空气系数等影响N2O排放的因素进行分析,从各类影响因素出发对现有的N2O减排技术进行归纳总结,最后对反向分级、混燃生物质及CFB解耦燃烧技术进行了前景展望。
服务
把本文推荐给朋友
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
RSS
作者相关文章
苗苗
张缦
吕俊复
杨海瑞
张凯
关键词 N2O循环流化床(CFB)生成机理减排    
Abstract:Circulating fluidized beds (CFB) have been widely used in recent years due to their good fuel adaptability, strong load regulation ability and low pollutant emissions. However, high N2O concentrations have become a major factor restricting CFB applications. Therefore, the N2O formation mechanism needs to be further studied to identify factors affecting the N2O production and measures to reduce the N2O emissions. This study analyzes the N2O formation mechanisms for coal combustion in a CFB for various coal properties, bed temperatures and excess air rates. N2O emission control technologies are then evaluated for various key factors. Finally, this study analyzes the prospects of reversed air staging, co-combustion of coal and biomass and CFB combustion decoupling methodologies.
Key wordsN2O    circulating fluidized bed (CFB)    formation mechanism    emission reduction
收稿日期: 2019-09-26      出版日期: 2020-04-27
基金资助:国家自然科学联合基金项目(U1810126)
通讯作者: 杨海瑞,教授,E-mail:yhr@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn     E-mail: yhr@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
引用本文:   
苗苗, 张缦, 吕俊复, 杨海瑞, 张凯. 流化床燃烧中N2O生成机理与减排技术[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 60(6): 507-517.
MIAO Miao, ZHANG Man, L�Junfu, YANG Hairui, ZHANG Kai. N2O formation mechanism and control in circulating fluidized beds. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2020, 60(6): 507-517.
链接本文:  
http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2019.21.040  或          http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2020/V60/I6/507
  
  
  
  
  
[1] 王金枝, 肖明. 循环流化床锅炉脱硝机理及NOx排放控制[J]. 电力环境保护, 2004, 20(1):22-23, 36. WANG J Z, XIAO M. The denitrification mechanism and NOx emission control in CFB[J]. Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection, 2004, 20(1):22-23, 36. (in Chinese)
[2] 于龙, 吕俊复, 王智微, 等. 循环流化床燃烧技术的研究展望[J]. 热能动力工程, 2004, 19(4):336-342. YU L, LÜ J F, WANG Z W, et al. Prospective research progress of combustion technology for circulating fluidized beds[J]. Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power, 2004, 19(4):336-342. (in Chinese)
[3] 张建胜, 吕俊复, 岳光溪, 等. 循环流化床锅炉的发展现状及前景[J]. 锅炉制造, 1999(3):1-5. ZHANG J S, LÜ J F, YUE G X, et al. Status and prospect of circulating fluidized bed boilers[J]. Boiler Manufacturing, 1999(3):1-5. (in Chinese)
[4] 李斌, 李建锋, 盛建华, 等. 300MW级循环流化床锅炉机组运行分析[J]. 中国电力, 2012, 45(2):35-39. LI B, LI J F, SHENG J H, et al. Status of 300 MW circulating fluidized bed boiler unit operation[J]. Electric Power, 2012, 45(2):35-39. (in Chinese)
[5] 蔡润夏, 吕俊复, 凌文, 等. 超(超)临界循环流化床锅炉技术的发展[J]. 中国电力, 2016, 49(12):1-7. CAI R X, LÜ J F, LING W, et al. Progress of supercritical and ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler technology[J]. Electric Power, 2016, 49(12):1-7. (in Chinese)
[6] 吕俊复, 柯希玮, 蔡润夏, 等. 循环流化床燃烧条件下焦炭表面NOx还原机理研究进展[J]. 煤炭转化, 2018, 41(1):1-12. LÜ J F, KE X W, CAI R X, et al. Research progress on the kinetics of NOx reduction over chars in fluidized bed combustion[J]. Coal Conversion, 2018, 41(1):1-12. (in Chinese)
[7] AMAND L E, ANDERSSON S B. Emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) from fluidized bed boilers[C]//Proceedings of the 1989(10th) International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. San Francisco, USA, 1989, 1:49-56.
[8] ULUSOY B, LIN W G, KARLSTRÖM O, et al. Formation of NO and N2O during raw and demineralized biomass char combustion[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2019, 33(6):5304-5315.
[9] 巨少达, 胡笑颖, 吴令男, 等. 流化床燃烧中N2O的排放控制研究进展[J]. 新能源进展, 2014, 2(6):481-485. JU S D, HU X Y, WU L N, et al. Research progresses about reducing N2O emission generated from fluidized bed combustion[J]. Advances in New and Renewable Energy, 2014, 2(6):481-485. (in Chinese)
[10] WU L N, QIN W, HU X Y, et al. Mechanism study on the influence of in situ SOx removal on N2O emission in CFB boiler[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2015, 333:194-200.
[11] LOHUIS J A O, TROMP P J J, MOULIJN J A. Parametric study of N2O formation in coal combustion[J]. Fuel, 1992, 71(1):9-14.
[12] 王启民, 李源, 杨海瑞, 等. 燃煤循环流化床锅炉N2O的生成、消解与控制[J]. 沈阳工程学院学报(自然科学版), 2007, 3(2):108-111. WANG Q M, LI Y, YANG H R, et al. Generation, digestion and control of N2O in circulating fluidized bed boiler using coal[J]. Journal of Shenyang Institute of Engineering (Natural Science), 2007, 3(2):108-111. (in Chinese)
[13] 张磊, 杨学民, 谢建军, 等. 循环流化床燃煤过程NOx和N2O产生-控制研究进展[J]. 过程工程学报, 2006, 6(6):1004-1010. ZHANG L, YANG X M, XIE J J, et al. Investigation progress on release and control of NOx and N2O during coal combustion in circulating fluidized bed combustor[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2006, 6(6):1004-1010. (in Chinese)
[14] 沈来宏, 铃木善三, 沈建平. 循环流化床N2O排放与控制实验研究[J]. 化学工程, 1999, 27(4):30-34. SHEN L H, SUZURI Y, SHEN J P. Experimental study on N2O emission and control in circulating fluidized bed[J]. Chemical Engineering (China), 1999, 27(4):30-34. (in Chinese)
[15] 殷立宝, 阎维平, 叶学民, 等. CFB锅炉燃烧中N2O的生成机理与减排控制[J]. 锅炉制造, 2003(1):7-9. YIN L B, YAN W P, YE X M, et al. Formation mechanism of N2O in CFB boiler and some measures of decomposing N2O[J]. Boiler Manufacturing, 2003(1):7-9. (in Chinese)
[16] 沈腾, 张世红, 邵敬爱, 等. 流化床燃烧中N2O的排放控制研究进展[J]. 工业锅炉, 2016(1):16-20. SHEN T, ZHANG S H, SHAO J A, et al. Research progress on the methods for reducing the emission of nitrous oxide from fluidized bed combustion[J]. Industrial Boiler, 2016(1):16-20. (in Chinese)
[17] 刘煜, 江得厚. 流化床煤炭燃烧中N2O的排放与控制问题[J]. 中国电力, 1999, 32(3):58-63. LIU Y, JIANG D H. N2O emission of coal-fired fluidized bed and its control[J]. Electric Power, 1999, 32(3):58-63. (in Chinese)
[18] W AO'U JTOWICZ M A, PELS J R, MOULIJN J A. Combustion of coal as a source of N2O emission[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 1993, 34(1):1-71.
[19] ÅMAND L E, LECKNER B. Influence of fuel on the emission of nitrogen oxides (NO and N2O) from an 8-MW fluidized bed boiler[J]. Combustion and Flame, 1991, 84(1-2):181-196.
[20] LECKNER B. Fluidized bed combustion:Achievements and problems[J]. Symposium (International) on Combustion, 1996, 26(2):3231-3241.
[21] DE LAS OBRAS-LOSCERTALES M, MENDIARA T, RUFAS A, et al. NO and N2O emissions in oxy-fuel combustion of coal in a bubbling fluidized bed combustor[J]. Fuel, 2015, 150:146-153.
[22] LOEFFLER G, WARTHA C, WINTER F, et al. Study on NO and N2O formation and destruction mechanisms in a laboratory-scale fluidized bed[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2002, 16(5):1024-1032.
[23] LIU X R, LUO Z Y, YU C J. Conversion of char-N into NOx and N2O during combustion of biomass char[J]. Fuel, 2019, 242:389-397.
[24] 任维. 焦炭流化床燃烧条件下氧化亚氮生成机理的实验研究[D]. 北京:清华大学, 2003. REN W. Experimental study on nitrous oxide formation during char combustion under fluidized bed conditions[D]. Beijing:Tsinghua University, 2003. (in Chinese)
[25] HULGAARD T, DAM-JOHANSEN K. Homogeneous nitrous oxide formation and destruction under combustion conditions[J]. AIChE Journal, 1993, 39(8):1342-1354.
[26] KRAMLICH J C, COLE J A, MCCARTHY J M, et al. Mechanisms of nitrous oxide formation in coal flames[J]. Combustion and Flame, 1989, 77(3-4):375-384.
[27] MILLER J A, BOWMAN C T. Mechanism and modeling of nitrogen chemistry in combustion[J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 1989, 15(4):287-338.
[28] XU M X, LI S Y. Experimental study on N2O emission in O2/CO2 combustion with high oxygen concentration in circulating fluidized bed[J]. Journal of the Energy Institute, 2019, 92(1):128-135.
[29] GOEL S, ZHANG B, SAROFIM A F. NO and N2O formation during char combustion:Is it HCN or surface attached nitrogen?[J]. Combustion and Flame, 1996, 104(1/2):213-217.
[30] ÅMAND L E, LECKNER B. Formation of nitrogen oxide (N2O) in a circulating fluidized-bed combustor[J]. Energy & Fuels, 1993, 7(6):1097-1107.
[31] MIETTINEN H, PAULSSON M, STRÖMBERG D. Laboratory study of N2O formation from burning char particles at FBC conditions[J]. Energy & Fuels, 1995, 9(1):10-19.
[32] W AO'U JTOWICZ M A, PELS J R, MOULIJN J A. N2O emission control in coal combustion[J]. Fuel, 1994, 73(9):1416-1422.
[33] GAVIN D G, DORRINGTON M A. Factors in the conversion of fuel nitrogen to nitric and nitrous oxides during fluidized bed combustion[J]. Fuel, 1993, 72(3):381-388.
[34] GULYURTLU I, ESPARTEIRO H, CABRITA I. N2O formation during fluidized bed combustion of chars[J]. Fuel, 1994, 73(7):1098-1102.
[35] AHO M J, RANTANEN J T. Emissions of nitrogen oxides in pulverized peat combustion between 730 and 900℃[J]. Fuel, 1989, 68(5):586-590.
[36] AHO M J, RANTANEN J T, LINNA V L. Formation and destruction of N2O in pulverized fuel combustion environments between 750 and 970℃[J]. Fuel, 1990, 69(8):957-961.
[37] LU Y, JAHKOLA A, HIPPINEN I, et al. The emissions and control of NOx and N2O in pressurized fluidized bed combustion[J]. Fuel, 1992, 71(6):693-699.
[38] KILPINEN P, HUPA M. Homogeneous N2O chemistry at fluidized bed combustion conditions:A kinetic modeling study[J]. Combustion and Flame, 1991, 85(1-2):94-104.
[39] VALENTIM B, LEMOS DE SOUSA M J, ABELHA P, et al. Combustion studies in a fluidised bed:The link between temperature, NOx and N2O formation, char morphology and coal type[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2006, 67(3):191-201.
[40] LYNGFELT A, LECKNER B. SO2 capture and N2O reduction in a circulating fluidized-bed boiler:Influence of temperature and air staging[J]. Fuel, 1993, 72(11):1553-1561.
[41] XIE J J, YANG X M, ZHANG L, et al. Emissions of SO2, NO and N2O in a circulating fluidized bed combustor during co-firing coal and biomass[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2007, 19(1):109-116.
[42] HAYHURST A N, LAWRENCE A D. The amounts of NOx and N2O formed in a fluidized bed combustor during the burning of coal volatiles and also of char[J]. Combustion and Flame, 1996, 105(3):341-357.
[43] COLLINGS M E, MANN M D, YOUNG B C. Effect of coal rank and circulating fluidized-bed operating parameters on nitrous oxide emissions[J]. Energy & Fuels, 1993, 7(4):554-558.
[44] PELS J R, W AO'U JTOWICZ M A, MOULIJN J A. Rank dependence of N2O emission in fluidized-bed combustion of coal[J]. Fuel, 1993, 72(3):373-379.
[45] 蓝计香, 仲兆平, 韩永生. 飞灰循环流化床锅炉NOx和N2O排放控制研究[J]. 动力工程, 1996, 16(5):39-44. LAN J X, ZHONG Z P, HAN Y S. Studies of NOx and N2O emission control of fly ash circulating fluidized bed boilers[J]. Power Engineering, 1996, 16(5):39-44. (in Chinese)
[46] GLARBORG P, JENSEN A D, JOHNSSON J E. Fuel nitrogen conversion in solid fuel fired systems[J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2003, 29(2):89-113.
[47] 周昊. 大型电站锅炉氮氧化物控制和燃烧优化中若干关键性问题的研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2004. ZHOU H. Investigation on NOx control and combustion optimization for large capacity utility boilers[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University, 2004. (in Chinese)
[48] LECKNER B. Fluidized bed combustion:Mixing and pollutant limitation[J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 1998, 24(1):31-61.
[49] 刘皓, 冯波, 卢建欣, 等. 煤质特性对循环流化床燃烧N2O生成的影响[J]. 华中理工大学学报, 1995, 23(5):100-103. LIU H, FNEG B, LU J X, et al. The influence of coal properties on N2O generation during combustion in a circulating fluidized bed[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 1995, 23(5):100-103. (in Chinese)
[50] DE DIEGO L F, LONDONO C A, WANG X S, et al. Influence of operating parameters on NOx and N2O axial profiles in a circulating fluidized bed combustor[J]. Fuel, 1996, 75(8):971-978.
[51] 冯波, 林志杰, 袁建伟, 等. 流化床燃烧中N2O生成影响因素的研究[J]. 热力发电, 1994(6):29-35. FENG B, LIN Z J, YUAN J W, et al. Study on influence factors of N2O formation in FBC[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 1994(6):29-35. (in Chinese)
[52] WANG X S, GIBBS B M, RHODES M J. Impact of air staging on the fate of NO and N2O in a circulating fluidized-bed combustor[J]. Combustion and Flame, 1994, 99(3-4):508-515.
[53] SAASTAMOINEN H, LEINO T. Fuel staging and air staging to reduce nitrogen emission in the CFB combustion of bark and coal[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2019, 33(6):5732-5739.
[54] 陈鸿伟, 樊泉桂, 金保升, 等. 粉煤流化床燃烧中N2O排放与控制[J]. 中国环境科学, 1999, 19(5):445-449. CHEN H W, FAN Q G, JIN B S, et al. Emission and control of N2O in pulverized coal fluidized bed combustion[J]. China Environmental Science, 1999, 19(5):445-449. (in Chinese)
[55] 沈来宏, 铃木善三. 燃煤循环流化床N2O及NOx排放控制试验研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 1999, 19(7):57-61, 66. SHEN L H, SUZUKI Y. Experimental study on N2O and NOx emission in coal-fired circulatig fluidized bed combustion[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 1999, 19(7):57-61, 66. (in Chinese)
[56] YOUNG B C, MANN M D, COLLINGS M E. Formation of NOx and N2O in the fluidized-bed combustion of high- and low-rank coals[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 1993, 21:419-436.
[57] SHEN B X, MI T, LIU D C, et al. N2O emission under fluidized bed combustion condition[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2003, 84(1-3):13-21.
[58] HAYHURST A N, LAWRENCE A D. The effect of solid CaO on the production of NOx and N2O in fluidized bed combustors:Studies using pyridine as a prototypical nitrogenous fuel[J]. Combustion and Flame, 1996, 105(4):511-527.
[59] KÖPSEL R, ZABAWSKI H. Catalytic effects of ash components in low rank coal gasification:2. Gasification with steam[J]. Fuel, 1990, 69(3):282-288.
[60] 侯祥松, 李金平, 张海, 等. 石灰石脱硫对循环流化床中N2O排放浓度的影响[J]. 电站系统工程, 2005, 21(3):1-3. HOU X S, LI J P, ZHANG H, et al. Limestone effects on N2O emission in CFB combustors[J]. Power System Engineering, 2005, 21(3):1-3. (in Chinese)
[61] 周浩生, 陆继东, 周琥, 等. 流化床燃煤过程降低N2O排放措施评述[J]. 热能动力工程, 2000, 15(1):1-3. ZHOU H S, LU J D, ZHOU H, et al. A review of the measures aimed at reducing nitrous oxide emissions from a fluidized bed coal-combustion process[J]. Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power, 2000, 15(1):1-3. (in Chinese)
[62] RUTAR T, KRAMLICH J C, MALTE P C, et al. Nitrous oxide emissions control by reburning[J]. Combustion and Flame, 1996, 107(4):453-463.
[63] MARBÁN G, KAPTEIJN F, MOULIJN J A. Gas injection as a measure to reduce N2O emissions from fluidized bed combustion of coal[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 1995, 24:1915-1918.
[64] MARBAN G, KAPTEIJN F, MOULIJN J A. Fuel-gas injection to reduce N2O emissions from the combustion of coal in a fluidized bed[J]. Combustion and Flame, 1996, 107(1-2):103-113.
[65] LIU H, GIBBS B M. Reduction of N2O emissions from a coal-fired circulating fluidized-bed combustor by secondary fuel injection[J]. Symposium (International) on Combustion, 1998, 27(2):3077-3083.
[66] GUSTAVSSON L, LECKNER B. Abatement of N2O emissions from circulating fluidized bed combustion through afterburning[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 1995, 34(4):1419-1427.
[67] DONG C Q, HU X Y, LI Y S, et al. Product gas combustion in fluidized bed for N2O reduction[C]//Proceedings of 2009 International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation and Supply. Nanjing, China:IEEE, 2009:1-7.
[68] 韩颖慧, 赵毅, 陈诚, 等. 循环流化床锅炉N2O减排技术的比较研究[J]. 华东电力, 2010, 38(9):1460-1462. HAN Y H, ZHAO Y, CHEN C, et al. Comparative study on N2O emission reduction technologies for circulating fluidized bed boilers[J]. East China Electric Power, 2010, 38(9):1460-1462. (in Chinese)
[69] HU X Y, DONG C Q, YANG Y P, et al. The effect of biomass pyrolysis gas reburning on N2O emission in a coal-fired fluidized bed boiler[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2011, 56(14):1429-1433.
[70] HU X Y, WANG T, DONG Z H, et al. Research on the gas reburning in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) system integrated with biomass gasification[J]. Energies, 2012, 5(9):3167-3177.
[71] HU X, DONG C, LU Q, et al. The influence of biomass gasification gas on the reduction of N2O emissions in a fluidized bed[J]. Energy Sources, Part A:Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2013, 35(15):1410-1417.
[72] 沈伯雄, 姚强, 刘德昌. 流化床中煤和生物质混烧N2O和NOx排放规律研究[J]. 电站系统工程, 2002, 18(2):51-52, 60. SHEN B X, YAO Q, LIU D C. Emission of N2O and NOx by co-combustion of biomass and coal in fluidized bed boiler[J]. Power System Engineering, 2002, 18(2):51-52, 60. (in Chinese)
[73] SAIKAEW T, SUPUDOMMAK P, MEKASUT L, et al. Emission of NOx and N2O from co-combustion of coal and biomasses in CFB combustor[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2012, 10:26-32.
[74] KHAN A A, DE JONG W, JANSENS P J, et al. Biomass combustion in fluidized bed boilers:Potential problems and remedies[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2009, 90(1):21-50.
[75] ÅMAND L E, LECKNER B. Reduction of N2O in a circulating fluidized-bed combustor[J]. Fuel, 1994, 73(9):1389-1397.
[76] LYNGFELT A, ÅMAND L E, LECKNER B. Reversed air staging:A method for reduction of N2O emissions from fluidized bed combustion of coal[J]. Fuel, 1998, 77(9-10):953-959.
[77] LYNGFELT A, ÅMAND L E, GUSTAVSSON L, et al. Methods for reducing the emission of nitrous oxide from fluidized bed combustion[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 1996, 37(6-8):1297-1302.
[78] 李静海, 郭慕孙, 白蕴茹, 等. 解耦循环流化床燃烧系统及其脱硫与脱硝方法:CN1203117A[P]. 1998-12-30. LI J H, GUO M S, BAI Y R, et al. Decoupled circulating fluidized bed combustion system and its desulfurization and denitrification method:CN1203117A[P]. 1998-12-30. (in Chinese)
[79] 吴波, 庄亚辉. N2O直接分解催化剂的研究进展[J]. 环境科学进展, 1997, 5(5):1-17. WU B, ZHUANG Y H. The research progress on the catalysts for nitrous oxide decomposition[J]. Advances in Environmental Science, 1997, 5(5):1-17. (in Chinese)
[80] 赵晓旭, 程党国, 陈丰秋, 等. N2O直接分解催化剂的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2009, 28(9):1562-1567. ZHAO X X, CHENG D G, CHEN F Q, et al. Review of catalysts for catalytic decomposition of N2O[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2009, 28(9):1562-1567. (in Chinese)
[81] HOU X S, ZHANG H, PILAWSKA M, et al. The formation of N2O during the reduction of NO by NH3[J]. Fuel, 2008, 87(15-16):3271-3277.
[82] BARIŠIĆV, KLINGSTEDT F, NAYDENOV A, et al. Catalytic activity of bed materials from industrial CFB boilers for the decomposition of N2O[J]. Catalysis Today, 2005, 100(3-4):337-342.
[83] 侯祥松, 张海, 岳光溪. 循环灰对N2O热分解催化作用的研究[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2007, 36(3):303-307. HOU X S, ZHANG H, YUE G X. Catalytic activity of circulating materials from CFB boilers for the thermal decomposition of N2O[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2007, 36(3):303-307. (in Chinese)
[84] LIU H, GIBBS B M. The influence of calcined limestone on NOx and N2O emissions from char combustion in fluidized bed combustors[J]. Fuel, 2001, 80(9):1211-1215.
[85] 柯希玮, 蔡润夏, 吕俊复, 等. 钙基脱硫剂对循环流化床NOx排放影响研究进展[J]. 洁净煤技术, 2019, 25(1):1-11. KE X W, CAI R X, LÜ J F, et al. Research progress of the effects of Ca-based sorbents on the NOx reaction in circulating fluidized bed boilers[J]. Clean Coal Technology, 2019, 25(1):1-11. (in Chinese)
[86] YANG X F, ZHUO Y Q, LI T J, et al. Decomposition of nitrous oxide over a low-cost catalyst[J]. Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2010, 5(6):838-846.
[87] 周浩生, 陆继东, 周琥. 燃煤流化床燃烧过程Fe及其氧化物在CO作用下对N2O/NO转化成N2的机理[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2001, 21(1):44-47, 51. ZHOU H S, LU J D, ZHOU H. The reduction of nitrogen oxides N2O/NO in the presence of Fe, its oxides, and CO in fluidized bed combustion of coal[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2001, 21(1):44-47, 51. (in Chinese)
[88] HAYHURST A N, LAWRENCE A D. The reduction of the nitrogen oxides NO and N2O to molecular nitrogen in the presence of iron, its oxides, and carbon monoxide in a hot fluidized bed[J]. Combustion and Flame, 1997, 110(3):351-365.
[89] 赵丹, 刘长厚, 王立秋, 等. 含钴铜镍类水滑石焙烧产物催化分解N2O的研究[J]. 催化学报, 2003, 24(8):595-599. ZHAO D, LIU C H, WANG L Q, et al. Catalytic decomposition of N2O over some calcined products of hydrotalcite-like compounds containing Co, Cu and Ni[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2003, 24(8):595-599. (in Chinese)
[90] 陶炎鑫, 於俊杰, 刘长春, 等. Co-Mg/Al类水滑石衍生复合氧化物上N2O催化分解[J]. 物理化学学报, 2007, 23(2):162-168. TAO Y X, YU J J, LIU C C, et al. N2O catalytic decomposition over mixed oxides derived from Co-Mg/Al hydrotalcite-like compounds[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2007, 23(2):162-168. (in Chinese)
[91] 陶炎鑫. 类水滑石衍生复合氧化物上N2O催化分解的研究[D]. 北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2007. TAO Y X. N2O catalytic decomposition over mixed oxides derived from hydrotalcite-like compounds[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2007. (in Chinese)
[92] 李穹, 吴玉新, 杨海瑞. SNCR脱硝特性的模拟及优化[J]. 化工学报, 2013, 64(5):1789-1796. LI Q, WU Y X, YANG H R. Simulation and optimization of SNCR process[J]. CIESC Journal, 2013, 64(5):1789-1796. (in Chinese)
[93] 周俊虎, 杨卫娟, 周志军, 等. 选择非催化还原过程中的N2O生成与排放[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2005, 25(13):91-95. ZHOU J H, YANG W J, ZHOU Z J, et al. Nitrous oxide formation and emission in selective non-catalytic reduction process[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2005, 25(13):91-95. (in Chinese)
[94] 周昊, 张志中, 鲍强, 等. 添加剂对NOxOUT脱硝及N2O、CO生成的影响特性[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(6):2232-2240. ZHOU H, ZHANG Z Z, BAO Q, et al. Influence of additives on NOxOUT denitration and formation of N2O and CO[J]. CIESC Journal, 2014, 65(6):2232-2240. (in Chinese)
[1] 林文斌, 刘滨. 中国碳市场现状与未来发展[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 55(12): 1315-1323.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
版权所有 © 《清华大学学报(自然科学版)》编辑部
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发 技术支持:support@magtech.com.cn