Quantitative review of soil salinization research dynamics based on bibliometric analysis
WANG Zhongjing1,2, YU Suyue1, XU Xing3
1. School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; 2. School of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 3. College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
摘要土壤盐渍化研究纷繁复杂，传统的文献综述方法因主观性强较难全面准确把握学科动态。该文引入文献计量学，提出了一种学科方向研究动态的定量综述方法；基于WoS （Web of Science）和中国知网（China National Knowledge Infrastructure，CNKI）数据库近30 a土壤盐渍化及盐碱地治理与利用的相关文献，定量综述了该学科领域研究动态和发展趋势。结果表明，国内外土壤盐渍化研究呈上升趋势，但总体上处于研究的初始阶段，仍有很大发展空间；中国、美国、印度、澳大利亚等国在土壤盐渍化及盐碱地改良与利用研究上贡献突出，中国学者发表论文数量最多，是土壤盐渍化研究的主力；核心作者间合作密切，但跨背景、跨机构、跨国家的合作仍然较少；研究热点已从上世纪90年代的灌溉排水与盐碱地改良，转移到当前的土壤植物盐分互作机制及耐盐植物培育、土壤水盐调控机制与优化控制技术、盐渍土改良剂研发技术及其规模化应用、盐碱地遥感监测与盐渍化影响评价等方向，代表着土壤盐渍化及盐碱地治理与利用研究从排水改良为主向综合利用延伸的发展趋势。
Abstract：[Objective] The research on soil salinization is complicated, and the traditional literature review method struggles to grasp the development trend systematically due to its subjective nature. Hence, it becomes important and necessary to seek alternative methods to objectively summarize and analyze the existing research papers and reasonably guide the future development of this field. [Methods] Based on the quantitative analysis of the Web of Science and China's national knowledge network databases related to soil salinization and saline-alkali land management and its utilization in the past 30 years, this paper proposes a quantitative review method for obtaining the research trend in this subject. This paper uses various software tools, including VOSviewer, Citespace, and SPSS, to analyze the number of publications, cooperation networks, and keywords within this field. [Results] The results show a continuous increase in the research on soil salinization at home and abroad. The number of scholars participating in the study of soil salinization has also increased significantly. The primary stage of development was before 1999, the stage of stable development was from 2000 to 2011, and the stage of rapid development was from 2012 to the present. Despite significant progress, according to Kuhn's model, the field remains in the primary science stage, indicating ample room for development. English journals such as Agricultural Water Management and Science of the Total Environment and Chinese journals such as Soil Bulletin and Soil can be regarded as core journals in the field of soil salinization, with the highest number of publications and higher journal impact factors. China, the United States, India, Australia, and other countries (in order of the number of papers published by them) have made outstanding contributions to soil salinization research, with Chinese scholars leading in terms of the highest number of published papers and are the main force in the study of soil salinization. The cooperation network analysis shows the importance of research institutions and direct government agencies in promoting institutional cooperation. However, at present, most cooperations are limited to intra-institutional cooperation, but future efforts should focus on the positive impact of cross-context, cross-institutional, transnational, and interdisciplinary cooperations on leapfrog and diversified development of soil salinization research. Keyword burst detection shows that "biochar", "yield", "salt stress", "quality", "freeze-thaw cycle" and "water and salt transport" are the recent hot spots of concern. Additionally, keyword co-occurrence and trend analyses show the shift in research focus from irrigation and drainage and saline-alkali land improvement in the 1990s to soil-plant salt interaction mechanism, salt-tolerant plant cultivation, soil water and salt regulation mechanism, optimization control technology, research and development technology of saline-alkali soil amendment, large-scale applications, remote sensing monitoring of saline-alkali land, and salinization impact assessment. It represents the developmental trend of research on soil salinization and saline-alkali land management and its utilization from drainage improvement to comprehensive utilization. [Conclusions] The research results of this paper quantitatively highlight the research hotspot and developmental trend of soil salinization and provide a reference for relevant researchers to grasp the developmental trends of the field and explore valuable new research directions.
王忠静, 于蘇越, 许兴. 基于文献计量学的土壤盐渍化研究动态定量综述[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 64(2): 303-317.
WANG Zhongjing, YU Suyue, XU Xing. Quantitative review of soil salinization research dynamics based on bibliometric analysis. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2024, 64(2): 303-317.
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2024, Vol. 64 
