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清华大学学报(自然科学版)  2017, Vol. 57 Issue (6): 604-608    DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.026
  机械工程 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
锯齿形超声相控阵声场特性
邹诚1, 蔡栋1, 孙振国1,2, 张文增1, 陈强1,2
1. 清华大学 机械工程系, 北京 100084;
2. 浙江清华长三角研究院, 嘉兴 314006
Acoustic field characteristics of serrated ultrasonic phased array transducers
ZOU Cheng1, CAI Dong1, SUN Zhenguo1,2, ZHANG Wenzeng1, CHEN Qiang1,2
1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2. Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
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摘要 针对空心轴类零件的外表面纵向裂纹,该文提出采用锯齿形超声相控阵换能器进行电子旋转扫查检测的方法。为研究锯齿形超声相控阵探头的聚焦声场特性,首先根据射线声学原理,研究该换能器在圆弧形分界面条件下的延迟法则计算方法;其次采用有限元仿真方法分析该换能器超声声场的聚焦声场特性,结合动态光弹实验方法,对聚焦声场进行观测实验;最后在含有人工缺陷试块中进行检测实验。实验结果表明:通过设计相应的聚焦法则,可以实现电子控制声场周向扫查,在聚焦点附近声场能量增大,在远离聚焦点处声场能量减弱,瞬态观测实验声场聚焦效果与仿真结果相符,检测实验缺陷信号明显,无底波干扰。
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邹诚
蔡栋
孙振国
张文增
陈强
关键词 超声检测锯齿形超声相控阵声场裂纹检测    
Abstract:Serrated phased array transducers were used to detect longitudinal cracks on the outside surface of hollow shafts using electrical focus rotational scans. This paper describes the acoustic field characteristics of the serrated ultrasonic phased array transducers. The focus characteristics for a cylindrical fluid-solid interface was studied using the ray tracing method. Simulations with the finite element method (FEM) were used to evaluate the acoustic field in the shaft. Then, dynamic photoelastic experiments were used to study the focused transient acoustic field. Finally, detection experiments on a test block with artificial cracks showed that the serrated phased array transducers can rotationally scan the outside surface by using proper delayed time laws. The acoustic field energy was enhanced near the focus region, but decreased outside the focus region. The simulations matched the images acquired from the dynamic photoelastic experiment. The experiment shows that the crack signal was clear without interference from the back surface.
Key wordsultrasonic detection    serrated ultrasonic phased array    acoustic field    crack inspection
收稿日期: 2016-01-08      出版日期: 2017-06-15
ZTFLH:  TB553  
通讯作者: 孙振国,副教授,E-mail:sunzhg@tsinghua.edu.cn     E-mail: sunzhg@tsinghua.edu.cn
引用本文:   
邹诚, 蔡栋, 孙振国, 张文增, 陈强. 锯齿形超声相控阵声场特性[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 57(6): 604-608.
ZOU Cheng, CAI Dong, SUN Zhenguo, ZHANG Wenzeng, CHEN Qiang. Acoustic field characteristics of serrated ultrasonic phased array transducers. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2017, 57(6): 604-608.
链接本文:  
http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.026  或          http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2017/V57/I6/604
  图1 机车车轴轴身表面纵向裂纹
  图2 横截面及几何尺寸定义
  图3 检测方案三维图(轴段部分剖切)
  图4 延迟法则计算方法
  表1 模型参数
  表2 介质材料参数
  图5 有限元仿真结果(声场归一化值)
  图6 实验测得不同偏转角度下的声场分布
  图7 25°偏转聚焦瞬态声场
  图8 外表面纵向裂纹检测B扫图
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