Abstract：This study investigated the relationships between acoustic parameters and phonetic features for six Mandarin affricates. The nine acoustic parameters including the duration, amplitude, spectral energy distribution, and F2 onset of the following vowel were extracted by Praat. An ANOVA analysis was used to show which acoustic parameters that can statistically distinguish the three places of articulation, two states of aspiration, and two following vowels. A discriminant analysis showed that the combination of all nine acoustic parameters gave a 85.9% recognition rate for the six affricates. A principle component analysis showed that the first five components contributed 86.3% of the information for the affricates. The spectral energy distribution parameters of the frication are the most important acoustic parameters for Mandarin affricates, some of which mainly contribute to the articulation location while others mainly contribute to the state of aspiration. The normalized duration and amplitude of the frication are the next important parameters, contributing to both the state of aspiration and to the following vowel. The F2 onset of the following vowel is affected by the place of articulation of the affricate.
Svantesson J. Acoustic analysis of Chinese fricatives and affricates[J]. Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 1986, 14; 53-70.
[2]
冉启斌, 石锋. 北京话擦音格局分析[J]. 华文教学与研究, 2012, 45(1):67-72. RAN Qibin, SHI Feng. On fricative pattern in Beijing Mandarin.[J]. TCSOL Studies, 2012, 45(1):67-72. (in Chinese)
[3]
宝音. 现代蒙古语喀喇沁土语擦音谱重心研究[J]. 满语研究, 2014, 58(1):75-78. BAO Yin. Research on modern Mongolian Harqin dialect fricative spectrum's focus[J]. Manchu Studies, 2014, 58(1):75-78. (in Chinese)
[4]
孙锐欣. 基于频谱主成分分析的音素摩擦性音质研究[J]. 声学学报, 2011, 36(4):427-434. SUN Ruixin. A study of the fricative quality based on spectral principal components[J]. Acta Acoustica, 2011, 36(4):427-434. (in Chinese)
[5]
Jongman A, Wayland R, Wong S. Acoustic characteristics of English fricatives[J]. The Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 2000, 125(6):3962-3973.
[6]
Lee C Y, ZHANG Yu, LI Ximing. Acoustic characteristics of voiceless fricatives in Mandarin Chinese[J]. Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 2014, 42(1):150-171.
[7]
Maniwa K, Jongman A, Wade T. Acoustic characteristics of clearly spoken English fricatives[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2009, 125(6):3962-3973.
[8]
Al-Khairy M A. Acoustic Characteristics of Arabic Fricatives[D]. Gainesville:University of Florida, 2005.
[9]
Nirgianaki E. Acoustic characteristics of Greek fricatives[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2014, 135(5):2964-2976.
[10]
Paschen L. An acoustic study of fricatives in Temirgoy Adyghe.[C]//Proc 18th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, Glasgow, UK, 2015.
[11]
齐士钤, 张家騄. 汉语普通话辅音音长分析[J]. 声学学报, 1982, 7(1):8-13. QI Shiqian, ZHANG Jialu. A study of duration of Chinese consonants[J]. Acta Acoustica, 1982, 7(1):8-13. (in Chinese)
[12]
顾文涛. 汉语文语转换系统中音长模型的说话人自适应方法[D]. 上海:上海交通大学, 1999. GU Wentao. Speaker Adaptation for Duration Model in Mandarin Text-to-Speech Synthesis[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University, 1999. (in Chinese)
2016, Vol. 56 
