Comparison of two-phase empirical multiplier correlations for high pressure steam-water mixtures flowing upward in a vertical smooth tube
TANG Guoli1,2, WU Yuxin1, GU Junping1, LIU Qing1, L�Junfu1
1. Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 2. China Resources Intelligent Energy Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518001, China
Abstract：Good pressure drop predictions are critical for hydrodynamic simulations of gas-liquid two-phase flows. Good simulations must use the correct multiplier empirical correlations for the various key parameters for the hydrodynamic calculations. This study compared five two-phase empirical multiplier correlations. A parametric sensitivity analysis showed that the tube inside diameter had little effect on all five correlations. The wall roughness significantly influenced the Chisholm method and the Chisholm B coefficient method. The pressure and mass flux significantly influenced all five correlations, with the calculated values decreasing with increasing pressure and mass flux. The predictions were also compared with experimental data for high pressure steam-water mixtures flowing upward in a vertical smooth tube. For low steam qualities, the Chisholm method, Friedel method and improved Friedel method give the best predictions. For high steam quality flows, the 83 national standard method gives the best predictions. The differences between the experimental data and predictions decrease with increasing pressure.
[1] EFFERT M, BRÜCKNER J. BENSON low mass flux vertically-tubed evaporators in the power market[Z]. MPS-Modern Power Systems, 2017. [2] MARTINELLI R C, BOELTER L M K, TAYLOR T H M, et al. Isothermal pressure drop for two-phase two-component flow in a horizontal pipe[J]. Transactions of the ASME, 1944, 66(2):139-151. [3] MARTINELLI R C, PUTNAM J A, LOCKHART R W. Two-phase two-component flow in the viscous region[J]. Transactions of the AIChE, 1946, 42:681. [4] LOCKHART R W. An analysis of isothermal two-component, two-phase data[D]. Berkeley, CA, USA:University of California, 1945. [5] LOCKHART R W, MARTINELLI R C. Proposed correlation of data for isothermal two-phase, two-component flow in pipes[J]. Chemical Engineering Progress, 1949, 45(1):39-48. [6] TUCAKOVIC D R, STEVANOVIC V D, ZIVANOVIC T, et al. Thermal-hydraulic analysis of a steam boiler with rifled evaporating tubes[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2007, 27(2-3):509-519. [7] LIU W, TAMAI H, TAKASE K. Pressure drop and void fraction in steam-water two-phase flow at high pressure[J]. Journal of Heat Transfer, 2013, 135(8):081502. [8] 吕俊复. 超临界循环流化床锅炉水冷壁热负荷及水动力研究[D]. 北京:清华大学, 2005. LÜ J F. Investigation on heat flux and hydrodynamics of water wall of a supercritical pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler[D]. Beijing:Tsinghua University, 2005. (in Chinese) [9] 崔鹏. 超超临界锅炉垂直管屏水冷壁流动特性研究[D]. 北京:华北电力大学, 2009. CUI P. The study for the flow characteristics of vertical tube platen water cooled wall in the ultra-supercritical boiler[D]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University, 2009. (in Chinese) [10] 张大龙, 吴玉新, 张海, 等. 低质量流率垂直管圈超临界煤粉锅炉的水动力特性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(32):5693-5700. ZHANG D L, WU Y X, ZHANG H, et al. Hydrodynamic characteristics of vertical tubes with low mass flux in supercritical pulverized coal boiler[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(32):5693-5700. (in Chinese) [11] WANG H, CHE D F. Positive flow response characteristic in vertical tube furnace of supercritical once-through boiler[J]. Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, 2014, 6(3):031002. [12] COLLIER J G, THOME J R. Convective boiling and condensation[M]. 3rd ed. Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1994. [13] CHISHOLM D. Paper 35:The influence of mass velocity on friction pressure gradients during steam-water flow[C]//Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Conference Proceedings. London, UK:SAGE publications, 1967, 182(8):336-341. [14] LOCKHART R W, MARTINELLI R C. Proposed correlation of data for isothermal two-phase, two-component flow in pipes[J]. Chemical Engineering Progress, 1949, 45(1):39-48. [15] CHURCHILL S W. Friction factor equation spans all fluid flow regimes[J]. Chemical Engineering, 1977, 84(24):91-92. [16] CHISHOLM D. Two-phase flow in pipelines and heat exchangers[M]. New York:G. Godwin in association with Institution of Chemical Engineers, 1983. [17] MARTINELLI R C, NELSON D B. Prediction of pressure drop during forced-circulation of boiling water[J]. Transactions of the ASME, 1948, 70(6):695-702. [18] FRIEDEL L. Improved friction pressure drop correlations for horizontal and vertical two-phase pipe flow[C]//Proceedings of the European Two-Phase Group Meeting. Ispra, Italy, 1979. [19] HEWITT G F. Pressure drop and void fraction[M]//HETSRONI G. Handbook of Multiphase Systems. New York:McGraw-Hill, 1982. [20] WHALLEY P B. Boiling, condensation, and gas-liquid flow[M]. New York:Oxford University Press, 1987. [21] 吕俊复, 吴玉新, 李舟航, 等. 气液两相流动与沸腾传热[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2017. LÜ J F, WU Y X, LI Z H, et al. Gas-liquid two phase flow and boiling heat transfer[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2017. (in Chinese) [22] GRIEM H, KÖHLER W, SCHMIDT H. Heat transfer, pressure drop and stresses in evaporator water walls:From experiment to design[J]. VGB PowerTech, 1999, 79:26-35.
2020, Vol. 60 
