Please wait a minute...
 首页  期刊介绍 期刊订阅 联系我们
 
最新录用  |  预出版  |  当期目录  |  过刊浏览  |  阅读排行  |  下载排行  |  引用排行  |  百年期刊
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)    2020, Vol. 60 Issue (12) : 1030-1038     DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2020.25.028
Physics and Engineering Mechanics |
Full-scale experimental study of a fire under a vehicle in a sloped tunnel
Yuxuan YANG1,2,Chang LIU1,Peiyun QIU1,3,Zeng LONG1,Maohua ZHONG1,*()
1. Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of City Integrated Emergency Response Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
3. Guangzhou Metro Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510330, China
Download: PDF(5881 KB)   HTML
Export: BibTeX | EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | RefWorks    
Abstract  

Smoke diffusion caused by the stack effect and the blocking effect in a sloped tunnel was investigated in a full-scale fire experiment under a stationary vehicle on an urban rail transit line. The ventilation mode and the vehicle blocking were varied to study the effects of the airflow velocity, the vertical distribution of the smoke temperature, the smoke layer distribution and the smoke spread time. The results show that the ventilation mode and the vehicle blocking both change the flow field near the fire which in turn influences the airflow velocity, smoke distribution and smoke spread time. A smoke spread velocity model was then used to further study the smoke diffusion for various vehicle blocking conditions. The conclusions can guide smoke control design and personnel evacuation plans for such tunnel fire scenarios.

Keywords tunnel      slope      blockage      fire      full-scale experiment     
Corresponding Authors: Maohua ZHONG     E-mail: mhzhong@tsinghua.edu.cn
Issue Date: 14 October 2020
Service
E-mail this article
E-mail Alert
RSS
Articles by authors
Yuxuan YANG
Chang LIU
Peiyun QIU
Zeng LONG
Maohua ZHONG
Cite this article:   
Yuxuan YANG,Chang LIU,Peiyun QIU, et al. Full-scale experimental study of a fire under a vehicle in a sloped tunnel[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2020, 60(12): 1030-1038.
URL:  
http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/EN/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2020.25.028     OR     http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/EN/Y2020/V60/I12/1030
  
  
10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2020.25.028.T001

实验工况表

实验工况 火源功率(HRR)/MW 阻塞条件 通风方式 环境温度/℃ 相对湿度/%
Test 1 0.25 无阻塞 自然通风 24.3 63
Test 2 0.75 24.1 63
Test 3 0.25 机械通风 24.6 60
Test 4 0.75 23.6 59
Test 5 0.75 阻塞 自然通风 23.7 54
Test 6 0.25 24.9 52
Test 7 0.25 机械通风 24.9 53
Test 8 0.75 23.6 60
  
  
10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2020.25.028.T002

实验各测点的平均气流速度

实验工况 风速测点1/(m·s -1) 风速测点2/(m·s -1)
Test 1 0.18 0.35
Test 2 0.18 0.56
Test 3 3.88 3.04
Test 4 5.90 3.70
Test 5 0.21 0.55
Test 6 0.39 0.20
Test 7 3.03 2.70
Test 8 4.90 3.30
  
  
  
  
  
  
10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2020.25.028.T003

不同区域烟气蔓延时间拟合结果

工况 区域 拟合公式 蔓延速度/(m·s-1) 拟合度R2
Test 2 下坡侧 ts=1.51Δ x 0.66 0.962
上坡侧 ts=0.81Δ x 1.23 0.992
Test 4 下坡侧
上坡侧 ts=0.54Δ x 1.85 0.956
Test 5 下坡侧 ts=1.51Δ x 0.66 0.962
上坡侧 ts=0.75Δ x 1.33 0.998
Test 8 下坡侧
上坡侧 ts=0.49Δ x 2.04 0.958
  
1 CHEN C K , ZHU C X , LIU X Y , et al. The effect of fuel area size on behavior of fires in a reduced-scale single-track railway tunnel[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2016. 52, 127- 137.
doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2015.12.002
2 ZHANG S G , CHENG X D , YAO Y Z , et al. An experimental investigation on blockage effect of metro train on the smoke back-layering in subway tunnel fires[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016. 99, 214- 223.
doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.12.085
3 MORANDINI F , SILVANI X , HONORé D , et al. Slope effects on the fluid dynamics of a fire spreading across a fuel bed:PIV measurements and OH* chemiluminescence imaging[J]. Experiments in Fluids, 2014. 55 (8): 1788.
doi: 10.1007/s00348-014-1788-3
4 HU L H , CHEN L F , WU L , et al. An experimental investigation and correlation on buoyant gas temperature below ceiling in a slopping tunnel fire[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013. 51 (1-2): 246- 254.
doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.07.043
5 LIU C , ZHONG M H , SHI C L , et al. Temperature profile of fire-induced smoke in node area of a full-scale mine shaft tunnel under natural ventilation[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017. 110, 382- 389.
doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.08.147
6 LIU C , ZHONG M H , TIAN X L , et al. Study on emergency ventilation for train fire environment in metro interchange tunnel[J]. Building and Environment, 2019. 147, 267- 283.
doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.10.022
7 LIU C , ZHONG M H , TIAN X L , et al. Experimental and numerical study on fire-induced smoke temperature in connected area of metro tunnel under natural ventilation[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2019. 138, 84- 97.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.12.037
8 LIU C , ZHONG M H , SONG S Y , et al. Experimental and numerical study on critical ventilation velocity for confining fire smoke in metro connected tunnel[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2020. 97, 84- 97.
url: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0886779819313100
9 ZHONG M H , SHI C L , HE L , et al. Smoke development in full-scale sloped long and large curved tunnel fires under natural ventilation[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016. 108, 857- 865.
doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.07.141
11 OKA Y , ATKINSON G T . Control of smoke flow in tunnel fires[J]. Fire Safety Journal, 1995. 25 (4): 305- 322.
doi: 10.1016/0379-7112(96)00007-0
12 卢欣伶.阻塞比对地铁区间隧道火灾烟气流动特性的影响[D].重庆:重庆大学, 2016.
url: http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10611-1016908497.htm
12 LU X L. Effect of blockage ratio on subway tunnel fire smoke flow characteristics[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2016. (in Chinese)
14 NFPA. Guide for smoke management systems in malls, atria, and large areas: NFPA 92B-2009[S]. Quincy, MA, USA: National Fire Protection Association, 2009.
15 ZHONG M H , SHI C L , HE L , et al. Full-scale experimental research on fire fume refluence of sloped long and large curved tunnel[J]. Science China Technological Sciences, 2011. 54 (S1): 89- 94.
doi: 10.1007/s11431-011-4618-3
16 OKA Y , IMAZEKI O . Temperature and velocity distributions of a ceiling jet along an inclined ceiling-Part 1:Approximation with exponential function[J]. Fire Safety Journal, 2014. 65, 41- 52.
doi: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2013.07.009
17 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.建筑防烟排烟系统技术标准: GB 51251-2017[S].北京:中国计划出版社, 2018.
17 Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China. Technical standard for smoke management systems in buildings: GB 51251-2017[S]. Beijing: China Planning Press, 2018. (in Chinese)
[1] HE Sheng, SHU Xueming, HU Jun, ZHANG Lei, ZHANG Jia, ZHANG Jiale, ZHOU Yang. Prediction and early-warning method of electrical fire risk based on fire-fighting big data[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2024, 64(3): 478-491.
[2] ZHAO Jinlong, LI Haoyuan, ZHANG Qingyuan, YANG Junhui, TIAN Chang, SHU Xueming. Preparation method and key parameters of a environmentally safe foam for liquid fire suppression[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2024, 64(3): 502-508.
[3] JIA Xuhong, TANG Jing, MA Junhao, TIAN Wei, ZHANG Xiaoyu, DAI Shangpei, DING Sijie. Effect of low-pressure and oxygen-enriched environment on combustion characteristics of typical fabrics[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2024, 64(1): 164-172.
[4] LIU Kang, LIU Zhaowei, CHEN Yongcan, MA Fangping, WANG Haoran, HUANG Huibao, XIE Hui. Dynamic Bayesian network model for the safety risk evaluation of a diversion tunnel structure[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(7): 1041-1049.
[5] CHEN Yongcan, CHEN Jiajie, WANG Haoran, GONG Yu, FENG Yue, LIU Zhaowei, QI Ningchun, LIU Mei, LI Yonglong, XIE Hui. Key technology of underwater inspection robot system for large diameter and long headrace tunnel[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(7): 1015-1031.
[6] LI Kaiyuan, YUAN Hongyong, CHEN Tao, HUANG Lida. Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS)-based optical probe initial fire detection system[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(6): 910-916.
[7] YUE Shunyu, LONG Zeng, QIU Peiyun, ZHONG Maohua, HUA Fucai. Full-scale experimental study on single-end tunnel fires[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(6): 917-925.
[8] JIANG Wenyu, WANG Fei, SU Guofeng, QIAO Yuming, LI Xin, QUAN Wei. Dynamic modeling approach for suppression firing based on cellular automata[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(6): 926-933.
[9] GU Yin, LIN Kaiyi, XIANG Tuoyu, ZHOU Rui, SHEN Shifei. Top-level metrics decomposition and allocation method for large firefighting aircraft fireGextinguishing missions and its application[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(6): 934-940.
[10] TIAN Fengshi, SUN Zhanhui, ZHENG Xin, YIN Yanfu. Spatial heterogeneity and influencing factors of urban emergency services[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(6): 888-899.
[11] ZHONG Maohua, HU Peng, CHEN Junfeng, CHENG Huihang, WU Le, WEI Xuan. Research for smoke control in a subway tunnel under the ceiling multi-point vertical smoke exhaust[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(5): 754-764.
[12] HU Jun, SHU Xueming, XIE Xuecai, YAN Jun, ZHANG Lei. Building fire insurance premium rate based on quantitative risk assessment[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(5): 775-782.
[13] WANG Qi, JIANG Wei, WANG Wenqiang, LEI Jiangli, ZHANG Zhang, ZHAO Miao. Effect of material elasticity on the mechanics of opening a parachute[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(3): 356-366.
[14] ZENG Guohua, TANG Zhili, XU Qianjun. Investment decision-making and cost recovery mechanisms of utility tunnels based on comprehensive benefit quantification[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(2): 210-222.
[15] CAO Kai, LI Yayun, FU Ming, GUO Xian, LIU Xiaoyong, SONG Yuhan. Assessment of the heat transfer characteristics and cooling performance of firefighter cooling vests using thermal manikins[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(10): 1548-1557.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
Copyright © Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), All Rights Reserved.
Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd