| CARBON NEUTRALITY |
|
|
|
|
|
Structural representation and optimization path of energy policy under the carbon neutral vision |
| TANG Yunni, YAN Ruxue, ZHOU Yanling |
| College of Humanities and Law, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract China's carbon-neutral vision imposes stricter and more urgent requirements for the transformation of the energy structure. The transformation and optimization of the energy structure is a crucial condition and measure for achieving the carbon neutrality goal. Studying the policy structure logic, such as the characteristics of policy subjects, policy tool selection preferences, and policy themes, has practical implications for the optimization of energy structure and the realization of carbon-neutrality goals. Based on the theory of policy structure, this study develops a three-dimensional analytical framework of “policy subject-policy tool-policy focus”. It employs various methods, such as policy tool mining, to perform textual analysis on 122 energy policies within the carbon-neutral vision. Through layer-by-layer coding and sub-item analysis, we explore the formal characteristics of policy texts and policy tool selection preferences from the dimensions of a hierarchical system, department distribution, and time series and comprehend the current focus of energy structure transformation policy. The study found that policy subjects involved a wide range of departments and a large number of departments, showing a certain degree of synergy, but the cross-departmental coordination and cooperation of policy subjects had not been formed; changes in the timing and number of policy releases were closely related to the top-level strategic arrangements of the country; policy direction guidance was clear and rich in content, but policy content is suspended and fragmented; there are various types of policy tools, mainly using environmental policy tools, but the imbalance and isomorphism of the use of various types of policy tools are exposed; the policy focus includes three aspects: controlling the intensity and total amount of energy consumption, adjusting the energy consumption of key industries structure, deepen institutional reform and encourage scientific and technological innovation. The carbon-neutral vision proposal is of great value for China to demonstrate its responsibility as a major country to build a community with a shared future for humanity and to internalize the concept of ecological civilization. The optimization of the energy structure is one of the core components of realizing the carbon-neutral vision. At this stage, the current policy strongly demonstrates China's top-down policy determination for green and low-carbon development, but we also cannot ignore the fact that China's energy revolution is under intense pressure. The transformation of energy structures is a complex social system project. Under the current transformation of energy structures beset by intense pressure and difficulties, there is room for improvement in the energy policy of my country. Based on the current policy framework and the emerging policy structure, the optimization path of energy policy in the future should focus on the following characteristics: 1) improving the coordination and linking of policy entities and establishing a cross-departmental and regional energy structure optimization mechanism; 2) emphasizing the connection and refinement of policy content. All departments and local governments should further refine and develop action and work plans based on the central policy guidelines; 3) concentrate on combining and balancing policy tools, as well as conducting research on the proportion and structure of the three types of policy tools: supply, demand, and environment. Adjust and optimize to maximize the combined effect of multiple policy tools.
|
| Keywords
carbon neutrality
energy policy
text analysis
policy tools
|
|
Issue Date: 11 January 2023
|
|
|
[1] 中国政府网. 习近平在第七十五届联合国大会一般性辩论上的讲话[EB/OL]. (2020-09-22) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-09/22/content_5546169.htm. The State Council of China. Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at the general debate of the 75th UN General Assembly [EB/OL]. (2020-09-22) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-09/22/content_5546169.htm. (in Chinese)
[2] 中国政府网. 中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议[EB/OL]. (2020-11-03) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2020-11/03/content_5556991.htm. The State Council of China. The suggestion about formulating the 14th 5-year plan of the national economy and social development and the vision 2035 from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China [EB/OL]. (2020-11-03) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2020-11/03/content_5556991.htm. (in Chinese)
[3] 国务院. 国务院关于加快建立健全绿色低碳循环发展经济体系的指导意见[EB/OL]. (2021-02-22) [2022-05-20]. http:// www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2021-02/22/content_5588274.htm. The State Council. Guiding opinions on accelerating the establishment and improvement of a green, low-carbon and circular development economic system [EB/OL]. (2021-02-22) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2021-02/22/content_5588274.htm. (in Chinese)
[4] 中国政府网. 第十三届全国人民代表大会第四次会议关于国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标纲要的决议[EB/OL]. (2021-03-11) [2022-05-20]. http:// www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-03/11/content_5592407.htm. The State Council of China. Resolution of the 4th session of the 13th National People's Congress on the 14th 5-year plan of the national economy and social development and the vision 2035[EB/OL]. (2021-03-11) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-03/11/content_5592407.htm. (in Chinese)
[5] 国务院. 中共中央国务院关于完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念做好碳达峰碳中和工作的意见[EB/OL]. (2021-10-24) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-10/24/content_5644613.htm. The State Council. The Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council: Working guidance for carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality in full and faithful implementation of the new development philosophy [EB/OL]. (2021-10-24) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-10/24/content_5644613.htm. (in Chinese)
[6] 国家发展改革委, 国家能源局. 国家发展改革委国家能源局关于印发《“十四五”现代能源体系规划》的通知[EB/OL]. (2022-01-29) [2022-05-20]. http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2022-01/29/c_1310524241.htm. National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration. Circular on issuing the plan for a modern energy system during the 14th five-year plan period [EB/OL]. (2022-01-29) [2022-05-20]. http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2022-01/29/c_1310524241.htm. (in Chinese)
[7] 王衍行, 汪海波, 樊柳言. 中国能源政策的演变及趋势[J]. 理论学刊, 2012(9): 70-73. WANG Y X, WANG H B, FAN L Y. Evolution and trend of China's energy policy [J]. Theory Journal, 2012(9): 70-73. (in Chinese)
[8] 谭显春, 郭雯, 樊杰, 等. 碳达峰、 碳中和政策框架与技术创新政策研究[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2022, 37(4): 435-443. TAN X C, GUO W, FAN J, et al. Policy framework and technology innovation policy of carbon peak and carbon neutrality [J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2022, 37(4): 435-443. (in Chinese)
[9] 杨承启, 庄心怡. 基于文本挖掘的能源与环境保护政策大数据研究[J]. 财会学习, 2021(7): 146-149. YANG C Q, ZHUANG X Y. Research on big data of energy and environmental protection policy based on text mining [J]. Accounting Learning, 2021(7): 146-149. (in Chinese)
[10] 吴力波, 马戎. 面向双碳的能源产业和金融政策体系设计思考[J]. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2022, 24(4): 81-92. WU L B, MA R. Dual carbon oriented energy industry and financial policy system design [J]. Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology (Social Sciences Edition), 2022, 24(4): 81-92. (in Chinese)
[11] 奚剑明, 吴瀚然. 供给侧改革中资源与能源行业去产能政策效果研究[J]. 工业技术经济, 2021, 40(1): 113-119. XI J M, WU H R. Research on the effect of supply side reform and the de-capacity policy in resource and energy industry [J]. Journal of Industrial Technological Economics, 2021, 40(1): 113-119. (in Chinese)
[12] 刘海英, 郭文琪. 碳排放权交易政策试点与能源环境效率——来自中国287个地级市的实证检验[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报(社会科学版), 2022: 1-22. (2022-07-27) [2022-05-20] http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/61.1329.C.20220726.1404.002.html. LIU H Y, GUO W Q. Carbon emission trading policy pilot and energy-environmental efficiency: A empirical study of 287 prefecture-level cities in China [J/OL]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Social Sciences), 2022: 1-22. (2022-07-27) [2022-05-20]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/61.1329.C.20220726.1404.002.html. (in Chinese)
[13] 张兵兵, 周君婷, 闫志俊. 低碳城市试点政策与全要素能源效率提升——来自三批次试点政策实施的准自然实验[J]. 经济评论, 2021(5): 32-49. ZHANG B B, ZHOU J T, YAN Z J. Low-carbon city pilot policies and total factor energy efficiency improvement: Quasi-natural experiment from the implementation of three batches of pilot policies [J]. Economic Review, 2021(5): 32-49. (in Chinese)
[14] 莱斯特·M.萨拉蒙. 政府工具: 新治理指南[M]. 肖娜, 译. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2016. SALMON L M. The tools of government: A guide to the new governance [M]. XIAO N, trans. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2016. (in Chinese)
[15] 王婷. 中国政策结构的内在逻辑——以农村社会养老保险政策为例[J]. 政治学研究, 2018(3): 62-71. WANG T. The inherent logic of China's policy structure: Taking rural social endowment insurance policy as an example [J]. CASS Journal of Political Science, 2018(3): 62-71. (in Chinese)
[16] 郝晓燕, 臧麟山, 翟羽佳. 我国战略性新兴产业激励政策演进规律分析——基于政策结构视角[J]. 科学管理研究, 2022, 40(1): 67-73. HAO X Y, ZANG L S, ZHAI Y J. Analysis on the evolution of Chinese strategic emerging industries' incentive policies—based on the perspective of policy structure [J]. Scientific Management Research, 2022, 40(1): 67-73. (in Chinese)
[17] 单晓红, 何强, 刘晓燕, 等. “政策属性—政策结构”框架下人工智能产业政策区域比较研究[J]. 情报理论与实践, 2021, 44(3): 194-202. SHAN X H, HE Q, LIU X Y, et al. Regional comparative research on artificial intelligence industry policy under the framework of “policy attributes-policy structure” [J]. Information Studies: Theory & Application, 2021, 44(3): 194-202. (in Chinese)
[18] 刘彬. 中国实现碳达峰和碳中和目标的基础、 挑战和政策路径[J]. 价格月刊, 2021(11): 87-94. LIU B. The basis, challenge and policy path for China to achieve the goal of emission peak and carbon neutrality [J]. Prices Monthly, 2021(11): 87-94. (in Chinese)
[19] ROTHWELL R, ZEGVELD W. An assessment of government innovation policies [J]. Review of Policy Research, 1984, 3(3-4): 436-444.
[20] 鲍健强, 施祺方, 陈锋, 等. 低碳能源技术发展战略与路径选择[J]. 未来与发展, 2011, 34(5): 18-22. BAO J Q, SHI Q F, CEHN F, et al. The development strategies and path selections of low carbon energy technologies [J]. Future and Development, 2011, 34(5): 18-22. (in Chinese)
[21] 宋婧. 可持续发展视域下的能源技术规制研究[J]. 中国政法大学学报, 2018(4): 25-36. SONG J. Research on regulation of energy technology from the perspective of sustainable development [J]. Journal of CUPL, 2018(4): 25-36. (in Chinese)
[22] 凌芸, 王婕, 孟凡达. 能源转型中的财税政策创新[J]. 开放导报, 2017(5): 34-38. LING Y, WANG J, MENG F D. Fiscal and tax policy innovation in energy transformation [J]. China Opening Journal, 2017(5): 34-38. (in Chinese)
[23] 张长征, 马广奇, 张保平. 财税支持视域下促进能源结构转型的政策和建议研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(1): 505-506. ZHANG C Z, MA G Q, ZHANG B P. Research on policies and suggestions for promoting energy structure transformation from the perspective of fiscal and tax support [J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2022, 43(1): 505-506. (in Chinese)
[24] 杨海静, 张瑞. 政府采购助力“双碳”目标实现——兼论对《关于完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念做好碳达峰碳中和工作的意见》的解读[J]. 中国政府采购, 2021(12): 21-23. YANG H J, ZHANG R. Government procurement helps achieve the goal of “dual Carbon”: On the interpretation of “Working guidance for carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality in full and faithful implementation of the new development philosophy” [J]. China Government Procurement, 2021(12): 21-23. (in Chinese)
[25] 国家发展改革委国家能源局. 国家发展改革委国家能源局关于加快推动新型储能发展的指导意见[EB/OL]. (2021-07-15) [2022-05-20]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/ghxwj/202107/t20210723_1291321.html?code=&state=123. National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration. Guiding opinions on accelerating the development of new energy storage [EB/OL]. (2021-07-15) [2022-05-20]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/ghxwj/202107/t20210723_1291321.html?code=&state=123.[1] 中国政府网. 习近平在第七十五届联合国大会一般性辩论上的讲话[EB/OL]. (2020-09-22) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-09/22/content_5546169.htm. The State Council of China. Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at the general debate of the 75th UN General Assembly [EB/OL]. (2020-09-22) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-09/22/content_5546169.htm. (in Chinese)
[2] 中国政府网. 中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议[EB/OL]. (2020-11-03) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2020-11/03/content_5556991.htm. The State Council of China. The suggestion about formulating the 14th 5-year plan of the national economy and social development and the vision 2035 from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China [EB/OL]. (2020-11-03) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2020-11/03/content_5556991.htm. (in Chinese)
[3] 国务院. 国务院关于加快建立健全绿色低碳循环发展经济体系的指导意见[EB/OL]. (2021-02-22) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2021-02/22/content_5588274.htm. The State Council. Guiding opinions on accelerating the establishment and improvement of a green, low-carbon and circular development economic system [EB/OL]. (2021-02-22) [2022-05-20]. http:// www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2021-02/22/content_5588274.htm. (in Chinese)
[4] 中国政府网. 第十三届全国人民代表大会第四次会议关于国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标纲要的决议[EB/OL]. (2021-03-11) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-03/11/content_5592407.htm. The State Council of China. Resolution of the 4th session of the 13th National People's Congress on the 14th 5-year plan of the national economy and social development and the vision 2035[EB/OL]. (2021-03-11) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-03/11/content_5592407.htm. (in Chinese)
[5] 国务院. 中共中央国务院关于完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念做好碳达峰碳中和工作的意见[EB/OL]. (2021-10-24) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-10/24/content_5644613.htm. The State Council. The Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council: Working guidance for carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality in full and faithful implementation of the new development philosophy [EB/OL]. (2021-10-24) [2022-05-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-10/24/content_5644613.htm. (in Chinese)
[6] 国家发展改革委, 国家能源局. 国家发展改革委国家能源局关于印发《“十四五”现代能源体系规划》的通知[EB/OL]. (2022-01-29) [2022-05-20]. http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2022-01/29/c_1310524241.htm. National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration. Circular on issuing the plan for a modern energy system during the 14th five-year plan period [EB/OL]. (2022-01-29) [2022-05-20]. http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2022-01/29/c_1310524241.htm. (in Chinese)
[7] 王衍行, 汪海波, 樊柳言. 中国能源政策的演变及趋势[J]. 理论学刊, 2012(9): 70-73. WANG Y X, WANG H B, FAN L Y. Evolution and trend of China's energy policy [J]. Theory Journal, 2012(9): 70-73. (in Chinese)
[8] 谭显春, 郭雯, 樊杰, 等. 碳达峰、 碳中和政策框架与技术创新政策研究[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2022, 37(4): 435-443. TAN X C, GUO W, FAN J, et al. Policy framework and technology innovation policy of carbon peak and carbon neutrality [J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2022, 37(4): 435-443. (in Chinese)
[9] 杨承启, 庄心怡. 基于文本挖掘的能源与环境保护政策大数据研究[J]. 财会学习, 2021(7): 146-149. YANG C Q, ZHUANG X Y. Research on big data of energy and environmental protection policy based on text mining [J]. Accounting Learning, 2021(7): 146-149. (in Chinese)
[10] 吴力波, 马戎. 面向双碳的能源产业和金融政策体系设计思考[J]. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2022, 24(4): 81-92. WU L B, MA R. Dual carbon oriented energy industry and financial policy system design [J]. Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology (Social Sciences Edition), 2022, 24(4): 81-92. (in Chinese)
[11] 奚剑明, 吴瀚然. 供给侧改革中资源与能源行业去产能政策效果研究[J]. 工业技术经济, 2021, 40(1): 113-119. XI J M, WU H R. Research on the effect of supply side reform and the de-capacity policy in resource and energy industry [J]. Journal of Industrial Technological Economics, 2021, 40(1): 113-119. (in Chinese)
[12] 刘海英, 郭文琪. 碳排放权交易政策试点与能源环境效率——来自中国287个地级市的实证检验[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报(社会科学版), 2022: 1-22. (2022-07-27) [2022-05-20] http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/61.1329.C.20220726.1404.002.html. LIU H Y, GUO W Q. Carbon emission trading policy pilot and energy-environmental efficiency: A empirical study of 287 prefecture-level cities in China [J/OL]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Social Sciences), 2022: 1-22. (2022-07-27) [2022-05-20]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/61.1329.C.20220726.1404.002.html. (in Chinese)
[13] 张兵兵, 周君婷, 闫志俊. 低碳城市试点政策与全要素能源效率提升——来自三批次试点政策实施的准自然实验[J]. 经济评论, 2021(5): 32-49. ZHANG B B, ZHOU J T, YAN Z J. Low-carbon city pilot policies and total factor energy efficiency improvement: Quasi-natural experiment from the implementation of three batches of pilot policies [J]. Economic Review, 2021(5): 32-49. (in Chinese)
[14] 莱斯特·M.萨拉蒙. 政府工具: 新治理指南[M]. 肖娜, 译. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2016. SALMON L M. The tools of government: A guide to the new governance [M]. XIAO N, trans. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2016. (in Chinese)
[15] 王婷. 中国政策结构的内在逻辑——以农村社会养老保险政策为例[J]. 政治学研究, 2018(3): 62-71. WANG T. The inherent logic of China's policy structure: Taking rural social endowment insurance policy as an example [J]. CASS Journal of Political Science, 2018(3): 62-71. (in Chinese)
[16] 郝晓燕, 臧麟山, 翟羽佳. 我国战略性新兴产业激励政策演进规律分析——基于政策结构视角[J]. 科学管理研究, 2022, 40(1): 67-73. HAO X Y, ZANG L S, ZHAI Y J. Analysis on the evolution of Chinese strategic emerging industries' incentive policies—based on the perspective of policy structure [J]. Scientific Management Research, 2022, 40(1): 67-73. (in Chinese)
[17] 单晓红, 何强, 刘晓燕, 等. “政策属性—政策结构”框架下人工智能产业政策区域比较研究[J]. 情报理论与实践, 2021, 44(3): 194-202. SHAN X H, HE Q, LIU X Y, et al. Regional comparative research on artificial intelligence industry policy under the framework of “policy attributes-policy structure” [J]. Information Studies: Theory & Application, 2021, 44(3): 194-202. (in Chinese)
[18] 刘彬. 中国实现碳达峰和碳中和目标的基础、 挑战和政策路径[J]. 价格月刊, 2021(11): 87-94. LIU B. The basis, challenge and policy path for China to achieve the goal of emission peak and carbon neutrality [J]. Prices Monthly, 2021(11): 87-94. (in Chinese)
[19] ROTHWELL R, ZEGVELD W. An assessment of government innovation policies [J]. Review of Policy Research, 1984, 3(3-4): 436-444.
[20] 鲍健强, 施祺方, 陈锋, 等. 低碳能源技术发展战略与路径选择[J]. 未来与发展, 2011, 34(5): 18-22. BAO J Q, SHI Q F, CEHN F, et al. The development strategies and path selections of low carbon energy technologies [J]. Future and Development, 2011, 34(5): 18-22. (in Chinese)
[21] 宋婧. 可持续发展视域下的能源技术规制研究[J]. 中国政法大学学报, 2018(4): 25-36. SONG J. Research on regulation of energy technology from the perspective of sustainable development [J]. Journal of CUPL, 2018(4): 25-36. (in Chinese)
[22] 凌芸, 王婕, 孟凡达. 能源转型中的财税政策创新[J]. 开放导报, 2017(5): 34-38. LING Y, WANG J, MENG F D. Fiscal and tax policy innovation in energy transformation [J]. China Opening Journal, 2017(5): 34-38. (in Chinese)
[23] 张长征, 马广奇, 张保平. 财税支持视域下促进能源结构转型的政策和建议研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(1): 505-506. ZHANG C Z, MA G Q, ZHANG B P. Research on policies and suggestions for promoting energy structure transformation from the perspective of fiscal and tax support [J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2022, 43(1): 505-506. (in Chinese)
[24] 杨海静, 张瑞. 政府采购助力“双碳”目标实现——兼论对《关于完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念做好碳达峰碳中和工作的意见》的解读[J]. 中国政府采购, 2021(12): 21-23. YANG H J, ZHANG R. Government procurement helps achieve the goal of “dual Carbon”: On the interpretation of “Working guidance for carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality in full and faithful implementation of the new development philosophy” [J]. China Government Procurement, 2021(12): 21-23. (in Chinese)
[25] 国家发展改革委国家能源局. 国家发展改革委国家能源局关于加快推动新型储能发展的指导意见[EB/OL]. (2021-07-15) [2022-05-20]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/ghxwj/202107/t20210723_1291321.html?code=&state=123. National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration. Guiding opinions on accelerating the development of new energy storage [EB/OL]. (2021-07-15) [2022-05-20]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/ghxwj/202107/t20210723_1291321.html?code=&state=123. |
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
2023,
Vol. 63
