| CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT |
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Types and characteristics of unsafe behaviors in construction teamwork |
| GU Botao, CAO Sihan, WANG Yao, HUANG Yuecheng, FANG Dongping |
| Department of Construction Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
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Abstract [Objective] The construction industry is suffering from a long-term and grave situation regarding construction safety. Unsafe behavior is a major cause of accidents. In practice, construction tasks are usually accomplished by people organized as a team. Each team has two primary goals: advance the construction process and ensure team safety. However, the current studies of the collaborative work of teams in the construction industry primarily consider scheduled tasks and fail to adequately consider the various types of members (workers, contractors, safety officers, subcontract safety officers, technicians, quality inspectors, supervisors, and government or A-party representatives) that are involved in working for safety. Moreover, members can be supported by the team. Interactions such as communication and collaboration among team members have an important impact on their behaviors; moreover, the types and characteristics of interacting and noninteracting unsafe behaviors that occur in collaborative work accidents deserve further exploration. [Methods] This study implements thematic analysis based on the classic accident causation model and 129 high-quality accident investigation reports from China and the United States. [Results] The results of the thematic analysis give a behavior list with 3 primary behavior types, 7 secondary behavior types, and 32 tertiary behavior types. Compared with traditional individual unsafe behaviors, construction collaborative unsafe behaviors increase by 23 team behavior types, including 11 unsafe sharing behavior types and 12 unsafe supervisory behavior types. The statistical results of the coded dataset show that (1) among the collaborative unsafe behaviors, unsafe actions, unsafe behaviors, and unsafe supervision appear 155, 86, and 152 times, respectively, and the sharing and supervisory unsafe behaviors also deserve more attention. (2) Among the unsafe sharing behaviors, lack of verbal communication is the most frequent, and therefore, training communication within the team must be focused on during management practice. (3) Among the unsafe supervisory behaviors, wrongly pointing out behavior is the most frequent, and therefore, training grassroots managers and grassroots supervisors to appropriately point out the safety hazards in collaborative work must be focused on during management practice. (4) For common workers, the most frequent unsafe behavior is breaking into the risk area; for special workers, procedure violations; and for grassroots managers and grassroots supervisors, no supervision at the site. These results indicate a large difference in the unsafe behaviors that must be heeded for different roles in the work team and the deeper reasons for the difference need to be further explored. (5) Unsupervised behavior is presented in 72% of the accidents and the lack of members performing supervisory functions is an important cause of work team accidents. [Conclusion] This study provides references for controlling unsafe construction behaviors.
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| Keywords
construction safety
unsafe behavior
construction team
thematic analysis
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Issue Date: 14 January 2023
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2023,
Vol. 63
