CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT |
|
|
|
|
|
Path analysis of attachment in the safety interactions of construction team members |
HUANG Yuecheng1, LI Boning1, YU Xiaoxia2, WANG Yao1, FANG Dongping1 |
1. Department of Construction Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 2. Center of Publicity and Education, Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100013, China |
|
|
Abstract [Objective] In recent years, the death toll in the construction industry has remained high and unsafe human behavior is the main cause of accidents. The interactions between construction team members have an important impact on workers' unsafe behavior; the safety leadership of the foreman—the most important firstline managers in the construction team—helps to eliminate the unsafe behavior of the workers. However, workers may develop a negative psychological state, such as anxiety and avoidance, during the actual interaction with their foreman, which affects the improvement of safe behaviors during the implementation of safety leadership, and the mechanism remains unclear. [Methods] Workers and foremen were selected in this research. We took attachment in the field of developmental psychology as the influencing factor of psychological interaction among individual construction team members and explored its mediating effect between foreman's safety leadership and workers' safety behavior and constructed a theoretical model. Based on the well-established adult attachment assessment scale in psychological research, a worker-foreman attachment scale suited for the construction industry was designed. The scale was modified through a pilot study and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability and validity of the final scale were relatively ideal. The safety leadership questionnaire and safety behavior questionnaire used to measure the foreman's safety leadership and workers' safety behavior were well-proven mature scales. The empirical data were collected from six construction sites in Beijing, Ningxia, and Hubei in China, and 206 valid samples were finally obtained. Structural equation modeling was constructed using AMOS software, and path analysis was performed. [Results] The results show that the foreman's safety leadership has a significant negative impact on workers' attachment avoidance (P<0.001, path coefficient=-0.912). As attachment avoidance negatively influences workers' safety motivation and working habits, it can further negatively affect workers' compliance safety behavior (P<0.001, path coefficient=-0.720) and participation safety behavior (P<0.001, path coefficient=-0.776) as a mediating variable. Workers' attachment anxiety is marginally associated with the foreman's safety leadership in a positive way (P<0.05, path coefficient=0.166), while attachment anxiety is found to have no significant effect on the two dimensions of workers' safety behavior (P>0.05). [Conclusions] The results reveal the mediating effect of attachment avoidance between the foreman's safety leadership and workers' safety behaviors. Through the lens of workers' psychological states, several practical suggestions are given on safety leadership to reduce the occurrence of unsafe behaviors from the perspective of reducing workers' attachment avoidance. This study also finds that the overexertion of safety leadership may lead to a worker's anxiety and emotional state, which has an uncertain impact on their safety behaviors; thus, blindly strengthening safety leadership is inappropriate. This research not only illustrates the mechanism of safety leadership from an individual psychological level but also explains the implications of the worker-foreman relationship and highlights the importance of the interaction between construction team members. The effect of safety leadership is two-sided, and hence, safety leadership should be adjusted flexibly in practice according to the actual situation.
|
Keywords
construction industry
construction team
attachment
unsafe behavior
safety leadership
|
Issue Date: 14 January 2023
|
|
|
[1] 方东平, 黄新宇, HINZE J. 工程建设安全管理[M]. 2版. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2005. FANG D P, HUANG X Y, HINZE J. Safety management of engineering construction [M]. 2nd ed. Beijing: China Water & Power Press, 2005. (in Chinese) [2] FANG D P, HUANG Y C, GUO H L, et al. LCB approach for construction safety [J]. Safety Science, 2020, 128: 104761. [3] 王尧, 马琳瑶, 张沛尧, 等. 基于LCB理论的建设方安全管理行为测评与提升[J]. 土木工程学报, 2021, 54(10): 117-124. WANG Y, MA L Y, ZHANG P Y, et al. Evaluation and improvement of owner's safety management behavior based on LCB theory [J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2021, 54(10): 117-124. (in Chinese) [4] HEINRICH H W, PETERSEN D, ROOS N. Industrial accident prevention: A safety management approach [M]. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1980. [5] HASLAM R A, HIDE S A, GIBB A G F, et al. Contributing factors in construction accidents [J]. Applied Ergonomics, 2005, 36(4): 401-415. [6] 张舒, 史秀志. 安全心理与行为干预的研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2011, 21(1): 23-31. ZHANG S, SHI X Z. Study on safety psychology and behavior intervention [J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2011, 21(1): 23-31. (in Chinese) [7] 蒋军成. 事故调查与分析技术[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2004. JIANG J C. Accident investigation and analysis technology [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2004. (in Chinese) [8] 倪清清, 谢媛芳, 徐晟, 等. 建筑工人群体安全压力因子的构建与评价方法[J]. 土木工程与管理学报, 2020, 37(1): 146-152. NI Q Q, XIE Y F, XU S, et al. Construction and evaluation method of group safety stress factor of construction workers [J]. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 2020, 37(1): 146-152. (in Chinese) [9] WU T C, CHEN C H, LI C C. A correlation among safety leadership, safety climate and safety performance [J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2008, 21(3): 307-318. [10] YE G, YUE H Z, YANG J J, et al. Understanding the sociocognitive process of construction workers' unsafe behaviors: An agent-based modeling approach [J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020, 17(5): 1588. [11] YIP J, EHRHARDT K, BLACK H, et al. Attachment theory at work: A review and directions for future research [J]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2018, 39(2): 185-198. [12] MOLERO F, MORIANO J A, SHAVER P R. The influence of leadership style on subordinates' attachment to the leader [J]. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 2013, 16: e62. [13] WU C H, PARKER S K. The role of leader support in facilitating proactive work behavior [J]. Journal of Management, 2017, 43(4): 1025-1049. [14] KIRRANE M, KILROY S, KIDNEY R, et al. The relationship between attachment style and creativity: The mediating roles of LMX and TMX [J]. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 2019, 28(6): 784-799. [15] GILLATH O, SESKO A K, SHAVER P R, et al. Attachment, authenticity, and honesty: Dispositional and experimentally induced security can reduce self- and other-deception [J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2010, 98(5): 841-855. [16] 田遇春, 徐燕, 孙雪. 员工依恋风格、 组织承诺与工作投入的关系研究[J]. 华北水利水电大学学报(社会科学版), 2020, 36(6): 10-17. TIAN Y C, XU Y, SUN X. Research on the relationship between employee attachment style, organizational commitment and work engagement [J]. Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power (Social Science Edition), 2020, 36(6): 10-17. (in Chinese) [17] BOWLBY J. Attachment and loss. Vol. 1: Attachment [M]. London: The Hogarth Press and Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1969. [18] AINSWORTH M D S, BLEHAR M C, WATERS E, et al. Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation [M]. Oxford: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1978. [19] HAZAN C, SHAVER P R. Love and work: An attachment-theoretical perspective [J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1990, 59(2): 270-280. [20] HUDSON N W, FRALEY R C, CHOPIK W J, et al. Not all attachment relationships develop alike: Normative cross-sectional age trajectories in attachment to romantic partners, best friends, and parents [J]. Journal of Research in Personality, 2015, 59: 44-55. [21] MIKULINCER M, GILLATH O, SHAVER P R. Activation of the attachment system in adulthood: Threat-related primes increase the accessibility of mental representations of attachment figures [J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2002, 83(4): 881-895. [22] KELLER T. Parental images as a guide to leadership sensemaking: An attachment perspective on implicit leadership theories [J]. The Leadership Quarterly, 2003, 14(2): 141-160. [23] KAHN W A, KRAM K E. Authority at work: Internal models and their organizational consequences [J]. The Academy of Management Review, 1994, 19(1): 17-50. [24] 梁宁建. 心理学导论[M]. 上海: 华东师范大学出版社, 2013. LIANG N J. Introduction to psychology [M]. Shanghai: East China Normal University Press, 2013. (in Chinese) [25] 吴春林. 建筑业安全领导力的理论与实证研究[D]. 北京: 清华大学, 2016. WU C L. Safety leadership in construction industry: Theoretical and empirical study [D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2016. (in Chinese) [26] MARTÍNEZ-CÓRCOLES M, GRACIA F, TOMÁS I, et al. Leadership and employees' perceived safety behaviours in a nuclear power plant: A structural equation model [J]. Safety Science, 2011, 49(8-9): 1118-1129. [27] POPPER M, MAYSELESS O. Back to basics: Applying a parenting perspective to transformational leadership [J]. The Leadership Quarterly, 2003, 14(1): 41-65. [28] FEENEY B C, THRUSH R L. Relationship influences on exploration in adulthood: The characteristics and function of a secure base [J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2010, 98(1): 57-76. [29] FRAZIER M L, GOOTY J, LITTLE L M, et al. Employee attachment: Implications for supervisor trustworthiness and trust [J]. Journal of Business and Psychology, 2015, 30(2): 373-386. [30] 李同归, 加藤和生. 成人依恋的测量: 亲密关系经历量表(ECR)中文版[J]. 心理学报, 2006, 38(3): 399-406. LI T G, KAZUO K. Measuring adult attachment: Chinese adaptation of the ECR scale [J]. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 2006, 38(3): 399-406. (in Chinese) [31] BRENNAN K A, CLARK C L, SHAVER P R. Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview [M]//SIMPSON J A, RHOLES W S. Attachment theory and close relationships. New York: Guilford Press, 1998: 46-76. [32] FRALEY R C, WALLER N G, BRENNAN K A. An item response theory analysis of self-report measures of adult attachment [J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2000, 78(2): 350-365. [33] RICHARDS D A, SCHAT A C H. Attachment at (not to) work: Applying attachment theory to explain individual behavior in organizations [J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2011, 96(1): 169-182. [34] WEI M F, RUSSELL D W, MALLINCKRODT B, et al. The experiences in close relationship scale (ECR)-short form: Reliability, validity, and factor structure [J]. Journal of Personality Assessment, 2007, 88(2): 187-204. [35] 吴明隆. 结构方程模型: Amos实务进阶[M]. 重庆: 重庆大学出版社, 2013. WU M L. Structural equation modeling: Tips for Amos practical application [M]. Chongqing: Chongqing University Press, 2013. (in Chinese) [36] MAYSELESS O, POPPER M. Attachment and leadership: Review and new insights [J]. Current Opinion in Psychology, 2019, 25: 157-161. [37] GRIFFIN D W, BARTHOLOMEW K. Models of the self and other: Fundamental dimensions underlying measures of adult attachment [J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1994, 67(3): 430-445. |
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
|
Shared |
|
|
|
|
|
Discussed |
|
|
|
|