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百年期刊
ISSN 1000-0585
CN 11-1848/P
Started in 1982
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Table of Content
, Volume 57 Issue 9
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COMPUTER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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Login authentication vulnerability mining and improved login authentication method based on an open source intelligent terminal
LIU Wu, WANG Yongke, SUN Donghong, REN Ping, LIU Ke
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 897-902. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.037
Abstract
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Open source intelligent terminals have many advantages in intelligent smart phones with endless applications of intelligent terminals based on open source codes. However, there are also many security risks for applications using intelligent terminals. This study analyzes the login authentication of a mainstream Android application in today's market by reverse analysis. The security flaws for current login authentication mechanisms are evaluated to discover potential security vulnerabilities in intelligent terminal devices. An improved for login authentication scheme is then given which effectively improves the security of intelligent terminal systems.
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Guided software safety testing based on vulnerability characteristics
OUYANG Yongji, WEI Qiang, WANG Jiajie, WANG Qingxian
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 903-908. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.038
Abstract
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Fuzzy testing software is random with low coverage while symbolic execution can result in the explosion of the variable space. This paper presents a guided software safety testing method based on vulnerability characteristics that combines fuzzy and symbolic execution. This study analyzed the codes associated with buffer overflow for use as targets to make testing more targeted. Then, new test data was generated using the path traversal patterns of domain convergence. Tests show that the identification rate for potentially vulnerable buffer overflows is at least 41% better than with fuzzy testing, the space size explosion with CUTE greatly reduced with vulnerabilities in common software products such as OpenSSL accurately identified.
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Single-witness-based distributed detection for node replication attack
MA Rui, ZHU Tianbao, MA Ke, HU Changzhen, ZHAO Xiaolin
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 909-913,920. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.039
Abstract
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Existing approaches for detecting node replication attacks in wireless sensor networks have low detection rates, high communication costs and high memory costs. This paper presents a single-witness-based distributed detection (SWDD) method to node replication attacks. This method consists of 5 steps:selecting a witness node, generating the declaration information, sending the declaration information, verifying the witness nodes, and detecting the replication node. The method has a single witness node selection mechanism, uses random numbers to describe the node location, verifies the witness nodes using a multiple mapping mechanism and finally detects the replication nodes by the ultimate witness node. Simulations on OMNeT++ comparing this method with the single deterministic cell (SDC) and parallel multiple probabilistic cells (P-MPC) methods show that the SWDD method has a better detection rate, less communications and less energy consumption.
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Detection of IRC Botnet C&C channels using the instruction syntax
YAN Jianen, ZHANG Zhaoxin, XU Haiyan, ZHANG Hongli
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 914-920. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.040
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The command and control (C&C) channel is a unique way that a Internet relay chat (IRC) Botnet sends commands to control the Botnet. This study analyzed the syntax characteristics of the control command to develop a method to detect the control command channel. A creditable coefficient was defined to describe the possibility of a sentence in a channel being a Botnet control command. An improved threshold random walk (TRW) algorithm was used with the creditable coefficients to accelerate the C&C channel detection. Tests show that this method can efficiently detect Botnet C&C channels.
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Automatic speech recognition by a Kinect sensor for a robot under ego noises
WANG Jianrong, GAO Yongchun, ZHANG Ju, WEI Jianguo, DANG Jianwu
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 921-925. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.041
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Audio-visual integration can effectively improve automatic speech recognition for robots under ego noises. However, head rotations lips movement differences, camera-subject distance and lighting variations degrade the automatic speech recognition (ASR) accuracy. This paper describes robot with a Kinect sensor in a multi-modal system. The Kinect provides 3-D data and visual information. The lip profiles are rebuilt using the 3-D data to get more accurate information from the video. Different fusion methods were investigated to incorporate the available multimodal information. Tests under ego noises of the robot demonstrate that the multi-modal system is superior to traditional automatic audio and audio-visual speech recognition with improved speech recognition robustness.
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Sentiment mining of commodity reputation data based on joint model
WANG Suge, LI Dayu, LI Yang
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 926-931. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.042
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This paper presents a probabilistic graphical model to simultaneously extract objects, aspects and sentiments from commodity reputation data. The underlying assumption is that the aspect distribution depends on the object distribution, while the sentiment distribution depends on the aspect distribution. The model further assumes that words are the smallest sampling units and is fully unsupervised. Tests on car reputation data show that this model can predict the aspect and sentiment categories of commodity reviews and can simultaneously extract object information from the reviews.
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DTA technique for JavaScript optimizing compilation mode
LIANG Bin, GONG Weigang, YOU Wei, LI Zan, SHI Wenchang
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 932-938. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.043
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Mainstream JavaScript engines have introduced optimizing compilers. These compilers generate more efficient executable code for frequently functions run, but these optimizing compilers brings new challenges to the dynamic taint analysis (DTA) method implemented via dynamic instrumentation. This paper focuses on the HTML5-based hybrid android App and presents a dynamic taint analysis method for the optimizing compilers in the V8 JavaScript engine using dynamic instrumentation. In this method, the taint box object is used to store the taint tags and the taint tracking code is instrumented at the hydrogen level of the optimizing compiler. Tests show that this dynamic taint analysis technique effectively tracks the taint information flow in the optimizing compiler with acceptable performance overhead.
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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Reciprocity calibration of a massive MIMO based on a local calibration
LIU Yu, ZHANG Xiujun, ZHOU Shidong
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 939-944,951. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.044
Abstract
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Reciprocity calibrations between the uplink and downlink channels are very important in time division duplex (TDD) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. When the calibration has no additional radio frequency (RF) chain, the calibration was sounding between different antenna elements. The least squares (LS) method is then used to analyze the data, but the analysis is very complex. This paper describes a calibration method based on a local calibration. The method is accurate since the local calibration only uses results between nearby antennas and simpler due to limited size of each local calibration. Simulations show that the complexity is reduced without significant accuracy loss.
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Radius vector-driven 3-D Mandarin vocal tract model
YAO Yun, WU Xiyu, KONG Jiangping
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 945-951. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.045
Abstract
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Analyses of the vocal tract resonant characteristics need accurate models of the vocal tract shape. This article presents a three-dimensional Mandarin vocal tract model using vocal tract shape data and midsagittal radius vector data from MRI images for seven Mandarin sustained vowels[a],[o],[r],[i],[u],[y] and[e]. The vocal tracts images were cut into 36 sections of equal distances along the midline of the vocal tract. The Mandarin vocal tract model for each section is then driven by the length of the radius vector in the cross-sectional images. The sound synthesized by this model sounds very much like natural speech.
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ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
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Localization method for postoperative electrodes based on an artifacts template
LI Bo, JIANG Changqing, ZHANG Feng, LI Luming, MA Yu
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 952-957. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.046
Abstract
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The therapeutic benefits are strongly related to the location accuracy of the deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes in the target. The postoperative electrode positions cannot be accurately located because of their artifacts. An electrode position estimation method was developed using the artifacts to judge the electrode position relative to the target nucleus to improve the therapeutic effect and the electrode positioning and to help neurosurgeons prepare appropriate surgery plans. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data for artifact locations in a phantom and in 10 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients using a correlation coefficient show that this method can accurately measure the electrode position with a predictable error.
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Effect of speaking rate on the formant dynamics of triphthongs
CAO Honglin, WANG Yujing, LI Jingyang
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 958-962. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.047
Abstract
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This study investigates the individual differences in the formant dynamics for four Chinese triphthongs/iau/,/iou/,/uai/and/uei/produced by thirty male subjects aged 18 to 28 years old at three different speaking rates (fast/normal/slow). The formant dynamics are described by cubic polynomial fits. The objective is to be able to discriminate between different speakers. The results show that the discriminant abilities vary for different speaking rates. Specifically, the fast speech has the best discrimination (76.7%), followed by the normal (69.5%) and slow (70.3%) speech. The triphthong discrimination ability decreases when the speaking speeds are differ, with "fast + slow" speeds giving the worst discrimination (48.0%). In all cases,/iau/more easily identifies different speakers than the other three triphthongs. Therefore, the formant dynamics of triphthongs with the same or similar speaking rates can be used to more easily distinguish different speakers.
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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Effects of speech rate on segment production in Standard Chinese
LI Yinghao, KONG Jiangping
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 963-969. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.048
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The phonetic realization of speech segments and the timing relation of the articulations of contiguous segments vary for different speech rates. How the speech rate affects the segmental articulations in Standard Chinese is still not very understood. This paper studies the effect of the speech rate on the segment production in Standard Chinese using electropalatography to focus on the articulatory timing relation in heterorganic consonant clusters/η#C2/and segment articulations in V1#C2V2. The results show that the absolute latency and the gestural overlap of the consonant clusters increases with faster speech rates. Significant linear relations were found between the articulatory or acoustic length for the segments. Effect of the speech rate on the consonantal displacement depended on the place and manner of the articulation. Gestural weakening of vowels was found accompanied by acoustic centralization. The results indicate that the articulatory mechanisms for the speech rate control are associated with the timing relation of contiguous gestures and the temporal-spatial properties of the segments. The articulatory attributes of consonants and individual strategies also affect the segment production for different speech rates.
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MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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Intersection test algorithm for spacial triangular facets
GUAN Liwen, DAI Yuxi, WANG Liping
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 970-974. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.049
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Intersection tests for spacial triangular facets is one of the key techniques for collision and interference detection in material cutting algorithms for numerically controlled machining. A fast, spacial triangular facet intersection test algorithm was developed based on vector operations that avoids test faults due to calculational errors. The algorithm deals with all relationships between triangular facets such as being in the same plane or different planes. The algorithm efficiency and accuracy is much better than traditional algorithms.
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Tool wear state recognition based on LS-SVM with the PSO algorithm
LIU Chengying, WU Hao, WANG Liping, ZHANG Zhi
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 975-979. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.050
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A tool wear state monitoring system was developed based on acoustic emissions to monitor the tool wear state. Typical acoustic signals were analyzed to determine the square root amplitude, absolute mean, mean square error and maximum sound level from the time domain to characterize the tool wear. Neural networks can easily fall into a local minimum and have slow learning convergence rates so a tool wear state recognition method was developed based on a least square support vector machine (LS-SVM). The LS-SVM performance depends on the penalty factor and the kernel parameter, so a particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to automatically optimize the LS-SVM parameters. The optimized LS-SVM model is then shown to be more accurate than the basic LS-SVM model.
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Flow-difference feedback iteration method for aerostatic bearings
LI Yazhe, ZHOU Kai
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 980-985. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.051
Abstract
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Aerostatic bearings using air as the lubricant are especially useful in high-speed situations. This study of aerostatic bearings used a finite difference model of an aerostatic thrust bearing in polar coordinates based on the Reynolds equation with an improved flow-difference feedback iteration method. The relative error in the flow equilibrium updated by the iteration is used as the feedback variable to rectify the convergence rate factors. The initial value does not strongly influence the convergence rate, while the improved flow-difference feedback iteration method increases the effectiveness of the convergence rate factors. An analysis of the influence of the throttle parameter on the bearing performance shows that the proper orifices and clearance significantly improve the bearing stiffness.
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HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
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Effect of errors in predicting the water hammer types and pressures in a simple pipeline
ZHANG Ming, ZHENG Shuangling, MA Jiming, QI Wenbiao
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 986-992. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.052
Abstract
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The analysis of water hammer in a simple pipeline is a fundamental problem in hydropower station designs. The type and evaluation of maximum water hammer in simple pipeline during the uniform closure or opening of a hydraulic turbine is studied. In particular, the type prediction is rectified for negative water hammer. The accurate simplified models for the prediction of positive and negative indirect water hammers are proposed to replace curves in the indirect water hammer domains with straight lines. With these models, possible errors due to inaccurate predictions of the water hammer in the simplified water hammer evaluation model currently adopted in the hydroelectric engineering are illustrated comparatively. A method is given for directly determining the maximum indirect water hammer pressure, no longer needing the prior prediction of first-phase or end-phase water hammer. In addition, formulas are given for the indirect water hammer without solving all the equations. The validity and applicability of the water hammer prediction and evaluation, including the method and formulas for indirect water hammer, are verified by examples.
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NUCLEAR ENERGY AND NEW ENERGY
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Suppression of base vibrations in a magnetically suspended flywheel system based on axial force free control
PU Pengcheng, ZHANG Kai, LIU Pingfan, ZHAO Lei
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 993-998. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.053
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Vibrations of the housing or base is one of the key problems influencing the running accuracy of high-speed magnetic suspended flywheels. Flywheel rotors with an outer-rotor structures have geometrical errors that cause base vibrations when the angle between the normal to the axial reference plane and the rotor spinning axis is within a specific range. The amplitude of synchronous vibrations of the base is mainly determined by the rotor unbalance and geometric error in the measurement plane of the displacement sensor. Base vibrations are suppressed here by an axial force free control method based on conventional force free control. Three controllers were analyzed in tests with no unbalanced control, only radial unbalance control and radial-axial unbalance control. The unbalanced control simultaneously acts on differ degrees of freedom of the rotor to more effectively suppress the base vibrations. Tests show that, at full operating speed, the control method effectively eliminates axial synchronous vibrations in the rotor and then suppresses base vibrations. Force free control can also be applied in the direction of gravity. This axial force free control achieves better vibration suppression performance and has wider applications field than conventional force free control of magnetic bearing
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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Monitoring data quality control for a water distribution system using data self-recognition
LIU Shuming, WU Yipeng, CHE Han
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 999-1003. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.054
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Humans cannot process the vast amounts of monitoring data produced every minute, so data faults may not been seen and the data can become unreliable. Systems are needed to recognize abnormalities and invalid data. This paper describes a data self-recognition approach based on independent monitoring sites. 56 months of monitoring data was collected from one water distribution network in Beijing. The data was cut into different time-slice series for an autoregressive moving average model (ARMA). This provided a prediction confidence interval to identify the outliers in the test data series. The results gave good outlier identification with data feedback correction. Thus, the system provides data quality control with self-recognition that easily and efficiently deals with invalid data.
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PRECISION INSTRUMENTS AND MECHANOLOGY
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Gradient color coding and orientation sensing of 3-DOF reaction spheres
ZHANG Gaofei, PAN Chenggang, FAN Chunshi
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2017,
57
(9): 1004-1008. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.26.055
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Orientation sensing of the full-attitude of a reaction sphere recognized accurate sensing of the color changes with latitude and longitude. This study analyzed the relation between the latitude range and the sensor distribution. A gradient color coding strategy was developed with the RGB colors changing along 3 orthogonal axes. This coding method provides a uniform color distribution and direct correspondence between the color and the coordinates. Simulations show the feasibility of using two gradient color codes for fast orientation sensing at full-attitude with smaller errors than with second coding.
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