预处理对厨余垃圾等有机废弃物联合厌氧发酵的影响

徐一雯, 蒋建国, 刘诺, 杨梦, 孟园

清华大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2019, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7) : 558-566.

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清华大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2019, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7) : 558-566. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2019.22.011
环境科学与工程

预处理对厨余垃圾等有机废弃物联合厌氧发酵的影响

  • 徐一雯1, 蒋建国1,2, 刘诺1, 杨梦1, 孟园1
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Effects of pretreatments on anaerobic co-digestion of kitchen waste and other organic wastes

  • XU Yiwen1, JIANG Jianguo1,2, LIU Nuo1, YANG Meng1, MENG Yuan1
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摘要

通过产甲烷潜能实验研究了超声、微波以及碱热预处理技术对厨余垃圾等有机废弃物联合厌氧发酵的影响。以未进行预处理的实验组作为对照组。预处理后大分子有机物通过水解酸化作用进入液相中，使得基质中挥发性有机酸（VFA）、溶解性有机物（SCOD）和氨氮（TAN）的质量浓度增加，可以提高后续厌氧发酵阶段的效率。产甲烷潜能实验结果表明：4组实验中pH值、VFA、SCOD与TAN质量浓度随时间变化趋势一致，并在第6 d后逐渐稳定，表明基质中可生物降解有机物在短时间内被完全分解利用。预处理技术能提高反应系统产气速率。超声预处理后甲烷产率增加，由285 mL/g VS提高到324 mL/g VS，与修正后的理论甲烷产率相符；而微波和碱热预处理对厌氧发酵产甲烷有一定抑制作用。

Abstract

The effects of different pretreatments including ultrasound, microwave and alkali thermal pretreatments on anaerobic co-digestion of kitchen waste and other organic wastes were studied through biochemical methane potential (BMP) experiments. The experiment without pretreatment served as the control. After the pretreatments, some of the primary organics are solubilized by hydrolysis and liquefaction reactions resulting in higher concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA), soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) which improve the efficiency of the subsequent anaerobic co-digestion. The BMP results show that the pH and VFA, SCOD and TAN concentrations in the four experiments all have the same trend and gradually stabilize after 6 days, indicating that the biodegradable organics in the substrate are completely decomposed in a short time. In addition, the pretreatments improve the biogas production rate. Ultrasonic pretreatment increases the methane yield from 285 mL/g VS to 324 mL/g VS, which is consistent with the modified theoretical methane yield, while microwave and alkali thermal pretreatments inhibit anaerobic fermentation.

关键词

厨余垃圾 / 有机废弃物 / 联合厌氧发酵 / 预处理

Key words

kitchen waste / organic waste / anaerobic co-digestion / pretreatment

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徐一雯, 蒋建国, 刘诺, 杨梦, 孟园. 预处理对厨余垃圾等有机废弃物联合厌氧发酵的影响[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）. 2019, 59(7): 558-566 https://doi.org/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2019.22.011
XU Yiwen, JIANG Jianguo, LIU Nuo, YANG Meng, MENG Yuan. Effects of pretreatments on anaerobic co-digestion of kitchen waste and other organic wastes[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2019, 59(7): 558-566 https://doi.org/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2019.22.011

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水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2017ZX07202005）

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