煤炭是中国能源结构中至关重要的一部分,研究煤尘爆炸高效抑爆技术、揭示煤尘爆炸抑制机理,对保障中国经济持续增长和工业化进程持续加速具有重要作用。该文采用原位热解飞行时间质谱(in-situ Py-TOF-MS)深入分析了原煤与含植酸煤样的热解特性和产物分布。研究结果显示:含植酸抑爆剂能够显著降低煤尘热解过程中轻质可燃气体(主要为CH4和CO等)和有机挥发物(主要为烯烃、芳香类化合物、酚类化合物、二羟基芳烃)的含量。含植酸细水雾热解产生的主要化学抑爆组分包括[(HO)2PO]2O、PO(OH)3和HOPO2等,这些小分子含磷组分能够通过消耗H和OH等关键火焰自由基,有效终止爆炸链式反应。添加含植酸抑爆剂后,煤尘样品的放热量下降了15.8 %,活化能从 11.3 kJ/mol升高到 16.4 kJ/mol。
Abstract
[Objective] Coal continues to be a vital component of China's energy infrastructure, but the inherent explosion risk associated with coal dust significantly hampers industrial safety and sustainable economic growth. Given these challenges, conducting in-depth research on efficient explosion inhibition technology for coal dust and understanding its underlying mechanism are urgent and necessary. Researching efficient explosion inhibition technology and its mechanisms represents a scientific challenge and an essential step toward achieving sustainable economic development.[Methods] In this study, we adopted a thorough and systematic approach to investigate the thermal decomposition characteristics and product distribution of raw coal and phytic acid (PA)-containing coal samples at high temperatures. Our research methodology combined thermogravimetric experiments, mass spectrometry analysis, and other techniques. During the thermogravimetric experiment, we accurately recorded the mass change of the coal samples during the heating process. The data served as the foundation for subsequent mass spectrometry analysis. By monitoring the thermal decomposition process of the coal samples, we revealed in detail the thermal decomposition characteristics of the raw coal and PA-containing coal samples in the high-temperature environment. We paid particular attention to the dynamic changes in the gases and volatiles produced during the heating process of the coal samples. Following the thermogravimetric experiment, we conducted a mass spectrometry analysis using in-situ pyrolysis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (in-situ-Py-TOF-MS). With this technique, we monitored the gases and products generated during the pyrolysis of the coal samples in real time. This provided us with high-resolution data that supported our analysis of the relative abundance and the generation mechanisms of these gases and products.[Results] The research results indicate that the inclusion of PA-containing inhibitors can significantly reduce the content of light combustible gases (mainly CH4 and CO) and organic volatiles (mainly alkenes, aromatic compounds, phenolic compounds, and dihydroxy aromatic hydrocarbons) during coal dust pyrolysis. The main chemical components generated by the pyrolysis of PA water mist include[(HO)2PO]2O, PO(OH)3, and HOPO2. These small phosphorus-containing molecules can effectively terminate the chain reaction of explosions by consuming key flame radicals such as H and OH. Additionally, the addition of PA water mist results in a 15.8 % decrease in the heat release of coal dust samples. Concurrently, the activation energy increases from 11.3 kJ/mol to 16.4 kJ/mol. The inhibition mechanism of PA-containing fine water mist on coal dust explosion is further analyzed by measuring the pyrolysis products of coal samples with and without detonation inhibitors.[Conclusions] PA pyrolysis yields[(HO)2PO]2O, PO(OH)3, HOPO2, and other small molecules of phosphorus-containing components. These phosphorus-containing explosion inhibition components can be achieved through the removal of flame radicals, bond breaking, and free radical extraction reactions involving oxygen or hydrogen atoms. Additionally, these components can initiate hydrogen atoms or hydroxyl addition reactions, all of which collectively work to inhibit the chain reaction of dust explosion. This, in turn, reduces the concentration of key flame radicals.
关键词
原位热解飞行时间质谱 /
煤尘爆炸 /
含磷抑爆剂 /
抑爆机理
Key words
in-situ pyrolysis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (in-situ-Py-TOF-MS) /
coal dust explosion /
P-containing inhibitor /
inhibition mechanism
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基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52374185);国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFC3080700)
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