隐性知识的高效转移对提升建设工程项目团队合作韧性、促进协同创新具有重要意义。该研究利用近红外超扫描技术, 监测建设工程项目不同类型隐性知识转移过程中知识发送方和接收方的脑部激活情况, 并构建脑间同步水平测度模型, 进而探究隐性知识转移过程中的脑间同步和转移完成后知识转移绩效(调用效率和内化程度)之间的关系。结果表明：建设工程项目隐性知识转移时转移双方均呈现脑区激活表征, 认知组接收方的脑部激活值显著高于技能组; 转移任务中发送方和接收方存在显著的脑间同步, 认知组的脑间同步水平显著低于技能组; 转移双方的脑间同步水平与双维度的转移绩效之间均存在显著的因果关系。该研究揭示了建设工程项目隐性知识转移的认知过程, 为强滞后性的隐性知识转移绩效提供了可靠的预测指标。

Objective: Efficient transfer of tacit knowledge is crucial for enhancing resilience and promoting collaborative innovation among construction project teams. Although most studies focus on knowledge transfer between organizations or between organizations and individuals, they often rely on subjective reports to explore influencing factors and mechanisms. Given the inherent nature of tacit knowledge, its transfer process involves complex cognitive interactions and integration among parties, which traditional monitoring methods fail to fully capture. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the micro-level mechanisms of tacit knowledge transfer between individuals in construction projects from a cognitive perspective. Methods: This study categorizes tacit knowledge of construction projects into cognitive and technical types. The study involved 96 healthy university students divided into 48 pairs. Each pair included one sender with engineering knowledge and one receiver without. These pairs were randomly assigned to either a cognitive or technical group, each containing 24 pairs, to perform tacit knowledge transfer tasks relevant to construction projects. Brain oxygenation data were monitored using near-infrared equipment during the transfer process. A general linear model was used to calculate β-values for each channel in both groups based on the modified Beer-Lambert law, representing brain region activation. Hyperscanning technology extracted the preprocessed oxyhemoglobin time series for both the sender and receiver. Wavelet transform coherence was employed to model interpersonal brain synchronization (IBS) activities. The study then examined the relationship between IBS during the transfer and the performance of knowledge transfer measured by the efficiency of knowledge utilization and the degree of knowledge internalization. Results: The results indicated the following: (1) Both senders and receivers showed significant brain activation during tacit knowledge transfer. Receivers in the cognitive group exhibited higher brain activation than those in the technical group, indicating that transferring cognitive tacit knowledge demands greater neural engagement. (2) Significant IBS was observed between senders and receivers during the transfer tasks. The cognitive group exhibited lower IBS levels compared to the technical group, implying that the complexity of cognitive tacit knowledge might reduce immediate neural synchrony despite increased brain activation. (3) A strong causal relationship was found between IBS levels and the dual-dimensional performance of tacit knowledge transfer in terms of both knowledge utilization and internalization by the receiver. Higher IBS levels were associated with better transfer performance, highlighting the importance of neural synchrony in successful tacit knowledge transfer. Conclusions: This study sheds light on the cognitive processes involved in tacit knowledge transfer within construction project teams, highlighting differences in cognitive processes across different types of tacit knowledge. These findings underscore the critical role of IBS in predicting and enhancing knowledge utilization and internalization by the receiver, providing a reliable indicator for successful tacit knowledge transfer. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of how cognitive interactions enhance project team efficiency, paving the way for improved strategies to enhance teamwork and innovation in construction projects.