滇中引水工程规模巨大, 面临高地震烈度、 多活动断裂、 复杂地质条件等众多工程建设难题。 渡槽是滇中引水工程中用于跨越河流和山谷等特殊地形的重要输水结构之一, 确保渡槽结构安全是保障输水功能持续的关键和前提。 针对滇中引水工程渡槽结构, 部分学者已开展大量理论分析、 模型试验及数值模拟等研究工作, 该文归纳分析了相关研究成果, 并展望未来的研究趋势, 旨在为类似工程的建设和发展提供参考和借鉴。 研究表明： 水-槽相互作用及土-结相互作用模拟是准确分析渡槽结构地震响应的关键, 形成考虑土体-渡槽-水体的多物理场耦合分析技术, 可为滇中引水工程渡槽结构的数值分析提供技术支撑。 在此基础上, 研究高地震烈度区、 复杂地质条件下渡槽结构的抗震及减隔震性能, 分析V形河谷等地形差异对渡槽结构的抗震性能影响机理, 阐明不同减隔震措施的减隔震机理。 随着社会不断发展, 人们对渡槽结构在输水能力和跨越能力方面的需求日益增加, 如何进一步保证在高地震烈度区和复杂地质条件下的渡槽结构安全和输水功能持续意义重大。 利用槽内水体晃动实现调谐液体阻尼器减震效果、 研发新型减隔震装置和渡槽防渗止水是未来重要的发展方向。
Abstract
[Objective] To solve the problem of the uneven distribution of water resources, the country has built many water infrastructures, with long engineering pipelines, strong water conveyance capacity, and high safety and reliability. The Dianzhong water diversion project is the largest water infrastructure project under construction in China, which can effectively alleviate the shortage of water resources in the central area of Yunnan Province, and ensure sustainable economic and social development after its completion. The aqueduct is one of the important water diversion structures in the project, which is generally used to cross special terrains such as rivers and valleys. The aqueduct construction of the project faces many challenges, such as high seismic intensity, multiple active faults, and complex geological conditions. Ensuring the structural safety of the aqueduct is the key prerequisite for guaranteeing the continuous water diversion function. [Methods] Extensive theoretical analysis, model tests, and numerical simulation studies have been conducted on the structural safety of the aqueduct in the Dianzhong water diversion project. The researches include various aspects, such as the design and optimization of the aqueduct structure, water-aqueduct interaction, soil-structure interaction, complex geological conditions, and the seismic performance and isolation performance of the aqueduct, etc.. [Results] Specifically, to improve the cracking resistance ability of the aqueduct, the influence of temperature gradient and layout of prestressed steel strands was discussed, and the design recommendation was suggested. In order to better illustrate the water-aqueduct interaction and the soil-structure interaction, some design methods were successively proposed, and the interaction mechanism was further explored. The impact of complex geological conditions was considered when conducting the dynamic analysis to obtain a more realistic earthquake response to the aqueduct. To effectively control the seismic response of aqueducts, many types of energy dissipation devices and isolation bearings were proposed, and the seismic performance and isolation performance of the aqueduct with new devices were investigated. [Conclusions] Based on the actual practice of the Dianzhong water diversion project, this paper summarizes the relevant research results and the future research trends of aqueducts, aiming to provide a reference for the project construction. Research shows that a key to accurately analyzing the seismic response of the aqueduct is to simulate the interaction between water and aqueduct, and soil and structure. The analysis technique considering the water-aqueduct interaction and the soil-structure interaction is formed, which provides support for numerical analysis of the aqueduct. On this basis, the seismic performance and isolation performance of aqueducts under high seismic intensity and complex geological conditions are deeply investigated. The impact mechanism of terrain differences on structural seismic performance, such as V-shaped river valleys, is analyzed. The seismic isolation mechanisms of different seismic isolation measures are clarified. With the continuous development of society, the demand for aqueduct structures in terms of water conveyance capacity and spanning capacity increases. It is significant to further ensure the safety and sustainable water transportation of aqueducts under high seismic intensity and complex geological conditions. Utilizing the shaking of water in the aqueduct to achieve seismic reduction effects, and developing new seismic isolation devices and anti-seepage waterproofs are important development directions in the future.
关键词
滇中引水 /
渡槽 /
高地震烈度 /
复杂地质 /
地震响应
Key words
Dianzhong water diversion /
aqueduct /
high seismic intensity /
complex geological /
seismic response
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基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3803000); 云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202102AF080001); 清华大学“水木学者”计划项目(2023SM009)
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