Urban LID layouts for controlling waterlogging based on OPUT

CHENG Xinyue; WANG Hao; LI Zhi; ZHOU Jinju

doi:10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2024.21.004

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Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology) ›› 2024, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (4) : 638-648. DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2024.21.004

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Urban LID layouts for controlling waterlogging based on OPUT

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Abstract

[Objective] With the continuous advancement in urbanization in recent years, the urban impervious rate has increased; hence, urban areas have to primarily rely on urban pipe networks for drainage. However, most of these pipe networks constructed in the early stages of cities cannot manage the extreme rainstorms caused by global warming, resulting in severe urban waterlogging. Low impact development (LID) facilities can effectively reduce urban waterlogging by increasing infiltration surface. However, the LID allocation method using the traditional full-range equal proportion (FREP) method, which is based on different land-use types, is usually adopted for determining the layout of LID facilities. The layout location of these facilities is determined by the distribution of land-use types. There will be no LID facilities in areas with severe waterlogging using FREP method, whereas more LID facilities will be available in areas with less overflow, thereby wasting LID facility resources. LID facilities can be fully utilized to better resolve waterlogging control effects if the layout of the waterlogging source is considered. Therefore, to address the above issue, this paper proposes the LID allocation method using the overflow point upstream tracking (OPUT) method. [Methods] OPUT method used storm water management model (SWMM) to build a drainage model, simulate pipe network overflow in different return periods, lock the overflow point, track the nodes of pipelines upstream of the overflow point layer by layer, and determine the corresponding catchment area level. LID facilities were laid on the catchment area depending on the land-use type. FREP method and OPUT method were compared from three aspects: runoff, waterlogging, and economy. [Results] The results obtained using the OPUT method show that in terms of relieving waterlogging, the reduction percentage of the overflow volume is 12.82% to 1.73% under design rainfall of 180 minutes (short-duration rainfall) with increasing return period and is 8.16% to 1.12% under design rainfall of 1,440 minutes (long-duration rainfall) for a unit LID area. Meanwhile, the FREP method yields reduction percentages of 1.87%—1.22% and 1.87%—0.83% under short- and long-duration rainfall, respectively. From the runoff reduction perspective, the reductions in runoff volume and peak runoff obtained using the two methods are different for LID per unit layout area under different return periods. The reduction obtained for peak runoff using the FREP method is always better than that of the OPUT method; however, as the return period increases, the reduction exhibited by the OPUT method is closer to that of the FREP method. For the reduction in runoff volume, the FREP method exhibits better results when the return period is small, whereas that of the OPUT method is better for a large return period. When the two methods have approximately the same reduction effect on overflow, under short- and long-duration rainfall, the cost for the layout requirement obtained using the OPUT method is 61.5—325 and 73.7—333 million yuan, respectively, as the return period increases. Meanwhile, with an increase in the return period, the short- and long-duration the costs for the layout requirement obtained using the FREP method are 66.1—423 and 137—423 million yuan, respectively. [Conclusions] The LID layout requirements obtained using the OPUT method exhibit a better reduction effect and economy for relieving waterlogging.

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storm water management model (SWMM) / low impact development (LID) / overflow point upstream tracking (OPUT) / urban waterlogging

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CHENG Xinyue, WANG Hao, LI Zhi, ZHOU Jinju. Urban LID layouts for controlling waterlogging based on OPUT[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology). 2024, 64(4): 638-648 https://doi.org/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2024.21.004

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