An integrated method combining risk analysis, a CALPUFF dispersion model, and spatial analyses, were used to assess the regional atmospheric risk caused by major risk sources in petrochemical park plans. A typical petrochemical park in the planning stage was selected as the case study. The risks of six major sources, involving chlorine, phosgene, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and acrylonitrile, were simulated in different seasons. The results show that the atmospheric risk is increased in 98.7% of the region 1141.5 km². In 28.2% of the area, i.e. 326.5 km², human health may be adversely affected after some accidents. The meteorological conditions in the fall are not conducive to pollution dispersion. The highest risks come from the diphenyl methane diisocyanate producing(MDI) project that contributes more than 90% of the increment in the regional atmospheric risk.

Construction dust is one of the most significant occupational health threats for field workers. Thus, the impact of dust on human health must be accurately evaluated to improve building health impact assessments and occupational health management. A health risk evaluation system and building health impact assessment system were used to develop a health damage assessment model to evaluate the effects of dust pollution from various construction activities at different stages and to monetize the evaluation results. A typical residential building in Beijing is used as a case sample with major activities at the main structure construction stage as evaluated objectives to illustrate the evaluation steps and demonstrate the model's application and operation. The health effect analysis among worker groups shows obvious differences in the dust pollution among various construction activities, with carpenters suffering the most health damage from dust during the main structure construction stage.

Through administrating questionnaires to managers in Japanese foreign affiliates who used to work in state-owned enterprises (SOE), this paper intends to find out the effectiveness of these managers' SOE experiences in their current employment. Empirical evidence shows that the respondents' educational background, on-the-job training and work experiences in the state-owned enterprises in general help them climb the career ladder in the Japanese companies, thereby proving the effectiveness of their SOE experiences or skills. China's reform and opening up policy provides these managers with opportunities to start a new career in foreign companies, and the human capital accumulated in the planned economy is brought into full play after the economic transition.

Industrial control devices (ICDs) are widely used in many industrial facilities such as petrochemical factories, power generation plants, water treatment plants, and transportation systems. The cyber security of such devices directly affects industrial production, which affects our economic security as well as our national security. This paper describes common cyber security issues in these devices and the root causes of these issues. The effects of cyber attacks are also analyzed for attacks from the information space and the physical space connected to the ICDs. Finally, security evaluation techniques are given including standards, evaluation methods and certifications along with future research challenges.

Unified automotive safety technology is the tendency of developing automotive safety technologies. The occupant protection performance of conventional automotive passive safety technology can be further improved by cooperating with active sensors such as millimeter-wave radars and cameras. The view of interest in automotive passive safety technology is nearer than that in active safety technology. A calibration method for radars and cameras was developed using vehicle longitudinal symmetry plane as a datum to more accurately detect and locate in automotive passive safety application. Calibration parameters were obtained, with the coordinate transformation relationship between the two sensors being developed. Validation tests show that the radar and the camera in this method have good measurement accuracy, and the target location can be transformed into picture coordinate accurately. This method can provide reliable data for automotive safety systems.

Bench scale tests are often used to measure the thermal insulation of protective clothing. The thermal insulation is one of the main parameters controlling the clothing thermal comfort and protective performance. A bench-scale system is developed to measure the heat transfer within a multi-layer fabric using a cone calorimeter. A model is then developed to calculate the thermal insulation in hot environments. This paper presents measurements of the thermal insulation of the multi-layer fabric for low intensity thermal radiation of 1-10 kW/m². The tests show that the total thermal insulation decreases with increasing heat flux as the local resistances of the outer shell layer, the moisture layer and the thermal barrier layer decrease, while that of the inner layer increases at first and then decreases. The influence of the thermal radiation reflectivity can be neglected for low intensity thermal radiation less than 10 kW/m².

The idea of “Smart Water Resource” arises under the background of “Smart City”. Combining with the current actual problems in the development of water industry and the national strategic deployment, this paper expounds the urgency and necessity of the Smart Water Resource construction, and analyzes the feasibility of the construction of the Smart Water Resource from the existing basis, new technology and social cognition. Finally, this paper suggests that the top-level design should be implemented and the evaluation system should be improved, which provides references for the future construction of Smart Water.

This paper presents a vehicle mass estimation method based on high-frequency information extraction to improve existing mass estimation methods that are susceptible to the influence of road slope with poor real-time performance. Accurate estimates are needed to accurately predict the driving force provided by the electrical drive systems. A high-pass filter is used to extract high-frequency longitudinal driving force and acceleration information. Then, a recursive least squares algorithm estimates the vehicle mass. Then, the road slope is estimated based on a combined kinematic and dynamic model. This method solves the problem that road slope estimates require an accurate vehicle dynamic model and are susceptible to acceleration sensor bias. The algorithm combines the dynamic method in a recursive least squares algorithm with a factor to neglect some previous information to estimate the road slope and a kinematic method that uses the relationship between the longitudinal vehicle acceleration and the acceleration sensor to calculate the road slope. Experimental tests show that this method is robust and can accurately estimate the vehicle mass and road slope in real-time.

When antennae are blocked by buildings or the signals are drowned by strong noise, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers require both long coherent integration times and a large number of non-coherent integration operations to acquire the signal. However, navigation data bit transition during the long coherent integration results in integrator signal energy attenuation and non-coherent integration will have squared losses that limit the ability to acquire weak signals. A signal acquisition algorithm is given here based on non-coherent integration that estimates the optimal combination of navigation data bits with the maximum energy criterion to eliminate the length limit and improve the ability to acquire weak signals. Tests demonstrate that these techniques greatly increase the gain such that low signal to noise ratio (SNR) signals as low as 20 dBHz can be successfully acquired.

When a square wave pulsed signal is adopted as excitation to obtain electrical impedance information for a conductive medium, the amplitude decay of the higher harmonics in square wave spectrum can have a significant effect. Adding an inductor or capacitor to a first-order resistant-capacitive-type sensing system creates a second-order resonant element that creates a freely damped oscillating signal at both the rising and falling edges of the excitation. The excitation amplitude near the resonant frequency is, therefore, enhanced. The equivalent resistance in the resonant element can be obtained by measuring the first positive peak voltage of the freely damped signal at the falling edge of the pulse. Tests indicate that resistance measurements for frequencies from 30 kHz to 1 MHz can be implemented only by a fixed frequency square wave excitation signal generated by a digital circuit. This method can be used for conductivity measurements of conductive media, such as electrolyte solutions, water and human skin, using both wired and wireless transmitters.

This study investigates the influence of the price elasticity of the land supply in China (PELS), which represents the characteristics of the local government land supply behavior, using a theoretical model of the land and housing markets to analyze the situations when the land supply exceeds the demand and the demand exceeds the supply. This paper finds that the PELS greatly affects the land and housing market equilibrium, with a higher PELS bringing local governments more land leasing revenue. Monthly data for 35 major cities in China from January, 2006 to September, 2013 show that the fluctuation in housing price and trading volume and the financial dependence on the land leasing revenue of the local governments significantly affect the PELS. Local governments should make reasonable plans for the land supply according to development in these cities, and ensure an effective land supply for housing.

A device is developed to measure the friction torque of rolling bearings subjected to radial loads while running at steady speeds. The friction torques are measured at various speeds and radial loads for typical rolling bearings used in an engine front end accessory belt drive of a passenger vehicle. The least squares method is used to fit the friction torque and the rotational speed with the optimal function chosen according to the correlation coefficient and significance level. A set of empirical formulae are then derived for the friction torque in terms of both the rotational speed and the radial load. The expressions are more accurate than the Palmgren formula. The test method can be applied to measure the friction torque of rolling bearings used in other fields as a valuable method to characterize the torque characteristics.

3-D scanned face registration is the foundation and the prerequisite for 3-D faces statistical learning. To solve the problem of registering these digital points accurately, a 3-D faces registration method was developed using a non-rigid iterative closet point (ICP) algorithm combined with elastic deformation. By using the sparse 3-D feature vertices, the method fits high-resolution 3-D template meshes (3-D template faces) to 3-D face range scans (3-D target faces) through deformations step by step. This deformation process can be formulated as an optimization problem for the affine transformation at each vertex of the template face. In addition, this algorithm accelerates the registration process without sacrificing the registration accuracy by introducing elastic deformation. On this basis, a head missing data completion method for 3-D faces, combining the elastic deformation and the proposed 3-D registration, was developed to enhance the reality and the completeness of the 3-D face models. The experimental results show that this method is more robust than a widely used face completion method.

The rapid development of the offshore wind power industry requires excellent operation and maintenance systems for the offshore wind turbines. However, there is little offshore wind farm operating and management experience and the overall operating costs are high. These restrict healthy development of the wind power industry. Hence, this paper describes operating and maintenance systems for large equipment industries that can be used in the wind power industry. The special needs for the operation and maintenance of wind farms, especially offshore wind farms, are analyzed to identify upcoming problems and future development needs. The overall system framework is given with analyses of the business functions of the various subsystems and their relationships. Two key systems for the bill of materials (BOM) and maintenance workflows are discussed. Software systems are given for wind farm applications.