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小江流域不同强度河床结构的生态学作用
Ecological functions of riverbed structures with different strengths in the Xiaojiang River basin
小江流域为典型干热河谷区,该区炎热少雨,水土流失严重,生态十分脆弱。该文采用现场测量、野外采样和室内分析相结合的方法,以小江流域不同河床结构强度的河流为研究对象,以底栖动物为指示生物对它们的生态环境现状进行评价,以分析不同强度的河床结构的生态学作用。深沟、吊嘎河和蒋家沟分别代表了小江流域3种不同的河床结构强度, 2005—2011年,分别对这3条河流的底栖动物进行采样分析。就种类数而言,深沟最高,种类达56种; 吊嘎河其次,种类达36种; 蒋家沟最低,种类达18种。研究结果表明: 底栖动物密度同河床结构强度之间关系不大; 物种多样性同河床结构强度之间存在一定的关系。在一定程度上,河床结构越强,物种多样性越丰富,生态越好; 在一定程度上,河床结构强度越大,捕食者的密度越高,生物量越大。
The Xiaojiang River basin is a typical dry-hot valley, characterized by high temperatures, little rain and serious soil erosion. The ecology is very fragile there. The ecology was evaluated using field measurements, sampling and indoor identification. Macroinvertebrates were used as indicators to assess the ecology of rivers with different riverbed-structure strengths in this basin using the Shengou River, Diaoga River and Jiangjia River with field investigations conducted from 2005 to 2011. The main purpose was to study the ecology functions of the riverbed structures with different strengths. Shengou River had 56 macroinvertebrate taxa, followed by Diaoga River with 36 taxa and Jiangjia River with 18 taxa. The results show that there is no clear relation between the macroinvertebrate density and riverbed-structure strengths but the biodiversity and the aquatic ecology improve with increasing riverbed-structure strengths, the predator density and biomass also increased to some extent.
riverbed-structure strengths / macroinvertebrates / ecology / Xiaojiang River basin
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