该文通过对港珠澳大桥珠海口岸旅检大楼直立锁边金属屋面被风揭和其他类似工程案例的分析，以及金属屋面抗风揭动态和静态试验，提出由于近些年等效基本风压的增大，基本风压应根据极端天气的变化情况适当进行调整的建议。在广东及港澳等台风多发地区，8~10 s的波动周期更能真实反映本地的台风环境。试验也揭示了金属屋面板被风揭的控制风力是动态的脉动风。由于屋面板板肋与T码的咬合处易脱开，建议此部位应普遍设抗风夹，在檐口等薄弱部位加密檩条间距、加密抗风夹间距，并设抗风压条；在规范或设计中，对金属屋面板、T码支座、自攻螺钉以及抗风夹等的强度和刚度均应提出明确要求；金属屋面按一定间距设置分仓缝，避免金属屋面被风揭时形成多米诺骨牌效应。
Based on the analysis of wind-tearing the vertical locked side metal roof of the Travel Inspection Building on Zhuhai Port of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and other similar projects, as well as the dynamic and static tests of wind-tearing metal roof, this paper analyses the increase of equivalent basic wind pressure in recent years, and suggests that the basic wind pressure should be adjusted appropriately according to the change of extreme weather. It is pointed out that in typhoon-prone regions such as Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, the 8-10 s fluctuation period can more truly reflect the typhoon environment in the region. The test also reveals that the control wind force of metal roof tore by wind is dynamic pulsing wind. Because the joint of the roof panel rib and T code bearing is easy to be detached, it is suggested that the wind-resistant clamps should be generally installed in this part, the purlin spacing should be closed, wind-resistant clamp spacing should be closed, and wind-resistant depression bars should be installed in weak parts such as eaves etc. It is suggested that the strength and stiffness of the metal roof slab, T code bearing, tapping screw and wind clamp should be specified in the code or design. It is suggested that the metal roof should be divided into warehouse joints at a certain distance to avoid the domino effect when the metal roof is tore by wind.
[1] 龙文志. 提高金属屋面抗风力技术探讨-首都机场T3航站楼屋面不要第四次再被风掀开[J]. 中国建筑金属结构, 2013(15):62-68. LONG W Z. Discussion on improving wind resistance technology of metal roof[J]. China Construction Metal Structure, 2013(15):62-68. (in Chinese)
[2] 龙文志. 提高金属屋面抗风力技术问题的探讨[J]. 建筑技术, 2013, 44(7):582-588. LONG W Z. Discussion on technical problems in wind resistance improvement of metallic roof[J]. Architecture Technology, 2013, 44(7):582-588. (in Chinese)
[3] 陈艾荣. 港珠澳大桥珠海口岸工程刚体模型测压风洞试验研究[R]. 上海:上海同济桥梁技术有限公司, 2013. HEN A R. Wind tunnel test of rigid body model pressure measurement for Zhuhai Port project of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge[R]. Shanghai:Shanghai Tongji Bridge Technology Co., Ltd., 2013. (in Chinese)
[4] 张志威, 亓立刚, 张保国, 等. 大面积直立锁边金属屋面抗风防水关键施工技术[J]. 天津建设科技, 2015, 25(3):6-9. ZHANG Z W, QI L G, ZHANG B G, et al. Key construction technology of wind resistance and waterproofing for large area vertical locked metal roof[J]. Tianjin Construction Science and Technology, 2015, 25(3):6-9. (in Chinese)
[5] 宣颖, 谢壮宁. 大跨度金属屋面风荷载特性和抗风承载力研究进展[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2019, 40(3):41-49. XUAN Y, XIE Z N. Research progress on wind loads and wind resistance bearing capacity of large span metal roof structures[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2019, 40(3):41-49. (in Chinese)
[6] 独家旺. 铝镁锰直立锁边金属屋面技术应用[J]. 山西建筑, 2018, 44(23):81-83. DU J W. Application of Al-Mg-Mn standing seam metal roofing technology[J]. Shanxi Architecture, 2018, 44(23):81-83. (in Chinese)
[7] 张庭. 大型金属屋面围护系统风掀与渗漏问题的分析与解决[J]. 中国建筑防水, 2018(15):10-14. ZHANG T. Analysis and solution of wind lift and leakage problems in large metal roof enclosure system[J]. China Building Waterproofing, 2018(15):10-14. (in Chinese)
[8] 王国庆. 铝镁锰金属屋面成套施工工艺[J]. 江苏建筑2016(6):81-83. WANG G Q. Complete construction technology of aluminium magnesium manganese metal roof[J]. Jiangsu Construction, 2016(6):81-83. (in Chinese)
[9] 徐健, 曾宪伟, 闫智, 等. 基于风洞试验下大面积金属屋面系统防漏与防风揭工艺[J]. 施工技术, 2016, 45(23):83-85. XU J, ZENG X W, YAN Z, et al. The leakproof and windproof uncovering technology of the metal roofing system with large area based on wind tunnel test[J]. Construction Technology, 2016, 45(23):83-85. (in Chinese)
[10] 张耕. 大型公共建筑直立锁边金属屋面抗风揭加固方法探析[J]. 工程建设与设计, 2017(21):28-32. ZHANG G. Analysis of the wind uplift strengthening methods of the standing seam metal roof in large-scale public buildings[J]. Construction & Design for Project, 2017(21):28-32. (in Chinese)
[11] 周正双, 郭桂钦, 张雨霞. 大跨度综合性复杂金属屋面工程的设计[J]. 中国建筑防水, 2015(23):6-10. ZHOU Z S, GUO G Q, ZHANG Y X. Design of long span complex comprehensive metal roof project[J]. China Building Waterproofing, 2015(23):6-10. (in Chinese)
[12] 秦国鹏, 刘美思, 刘毅, 等. 金属屋面系统抗风揭性能的试验研究[J]. 钢结构, 2016, 31(3):26-28. QIN G P, LIU M S, LIU Y, et al. Experimental study of the wind uplift capacity of a metal roof system[J]. Steel Construction, 2016, 31(3):26-28. (in Chinese)
[13] 陶照堂, 惠存, 陈国超, 等. 超大风压作用下金属屋面受力性能试验研究[J]. 钢结构, 2016, 31(10):12-14, 75. TAO Z T, HUI C, CHEN G C, et al. Experimental investigation on mechanical performance of metal roof under super wind loads[J]. Steel Construction, 2016, 31(10):12-14, 75. (in Chinese)
[14] 徐国军. 浅析直立缝金属屋面系统的抗风性能[J]. 中国建筑金属结构, 2015(10):64-66. XU G J. A brief analysis of the wind resistance of vertical seam metal roofing system[J]. China Construction Metal Structure, 2015(10):64-66. (in Chinese)
