针对数控机床可靠性快速试验过程中缺乏多维力加载装置的问题，该文提出了一种具有高刚度、高加载能力的新型三轴加载机构，并研究其动力学建模及评价方法。在机构运动学分析的基础上，分析了机构奇异性，并建立其动力学模型。基于Jacobian矩阵，给出了加载机构速度传递性能的评价方法。基于动能方法，求解了加载机构的惯性矩阵，并给出了三维加载机构的加速性能评价方法。对加载机构的动力学模型、速度传递性能及加速性能进行了仿真研究。仿真表明加载机构在XY平面加速性能的各向同性较好，Z向加速性能优于X和Y向，满足加载机构在Z向需要快速运动的需求。

A high stiffness, high load loading mechanism was developed for machine tool reliability tests. A kinematics model was used to analyze a singularity in the motion and develop a dynamic model with the Jacobian matrix used to evaluate the speed transfer efficiency of the loading mechanism. The kinetic energy was modeled to define the inertia matrix and evaluate the acceleration. The results show that the three-axis loading mechanism has good acceleration in the Z direction and good isotropy in the XY plane. The acceleration provides sufficiently fast motion in the Z direction.