水利水电工程

跨境淡水冲突与合作研究综述

  • 郭利颖 ,
  • 田富强 ,
  • 魏靖 ,
  • 芦由 ,
  • 倪广恒
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  • 清华大学 水利水电工程系, 北京 100084

收稿日期: 2021-02-25

  网络出版日期: 2022-03-10

基金资助

田富强,教授,E-mail:tianfq@tsinghua.edu.cn

Literature review of conflicts and cooperation over transboundary freshwater resources

  • GUO Liying ,
  • TIAN Fuqiang ,
  • WEI Jing ,
  • LU You ,
  • NI Guangheng
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  • Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received date: 2021-02-25

  Online published: 2022-03-10

摘要

水资源数量的有限性和用途的广泛性决定了水资源利用的多种不同主体之间不可避免地存在矛盾,这在涉及不同国家与地区的跨境淡水系统中尤为突出。在缺乏有效的全流域治理体系的情况下,跨境淡水系统的管理很容易陷入"公地悲剧"的境地,而其冲突与合作的状态关系到流域可持续发展、区域安全与稳定,以及域内外国家的外交工作,该研究具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。该文提出了跨境淡水冲突与合作研究的分析框架,将国内外学者的研究按演绎法与归纳法2种研究范式进行归纳,对研究思路、3个主要研究问题(水冲突与合作状态的定义与量化,水冲突与合作的驱动因素,水冲突与合作的演化规律)以及代表性研究进行了综述,指出现有跨境淡水冲突与合作研究的不足及可能的发展方向。未来的研究需要将演绎法与归纳法相结合,着眼于揭示水冲突与合作动态变化的全球规律及其驱动机制,跨境水资源与非跨境水资源的内在联系,在此基础上探讨跨境淡水资源管理如何应对经济社会发展与气候变化带来的机遇与挑战。

本文引用格式

郭利颖 , 田富强 , 魏靖 , 芦由 , 倪广恒 . 跨境淡水冲突与合作研究综述[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2022 , 62(3) : 589 -600 . DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2021.26.025

Abstract

The scarcity of water resources and the variety of water demands lead to conflicts between water users, especially in transboundary freshwater systems passing through several countries or regions. In the absence of a whole-basin management approach, the management of transboundary freshwater resources tends to degrade into a Tragedy of the Commons. However, the conflict and cooperation are closely related to the sustainable development of the river basin, the security and stability of the region, and the diplomacy between the water users in various countries. Therefore, research on conflict and cooperation over transboundary freshwater resources has great practical significance. This review presents an analytical research framework for conflict and cooperation in managing transboundary water resources and categorizes previous research into deduction and induction research paradigms. Three major research directions are how to define and quantify the status of water conflicts and cooperation, what are the drivers of water conflicts and cooperation and how do water conflicts and cooperation evolve. The literature review reveals knowledge gaps and potential future research directions. In future research, deduction will be used with induction to integrate the advantages of the two research paradigms. The review also shows the global dynamics and driving mechanisms of water conflicts and cooperation. The inner relationships between transboundary and domestic water resources need further exploration. In addition, new transboundary freshwater resource management strategies are needed to cope with the opportunities and challenges brought by economic development and climate change.

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