为降低消防员热应激水平、验证降温服的有效性,该文在35 ℃和2.5 kW/m2高温热辐射复合环境下开展人体热生理实验,同时采用主观问卷调查的方式,探究降温服对人体生理及主观感知响应的影响,分析降温服在缓解热应激从而提高消防人员热舒适性方面的有效性,并运用生理应变指数(PSI)和感知应变指数(PeSI)开展实验工况下人体热应激评估。结果表明:降温服明显减小了受试者的核心温度、皮肤温度、心率及出汗速率,有效缓解了人体生理负荷,降低了人体热应激水平,且在高运动强度(7.0 km/h)下效果更明显;降温服有效改善了受试者的热舒适性,在实验的第90 min时降温服使PSI值最大降低0.77,PeSI值最大降低4.89(约32 %)。
[Objective] In firefighting and rescue scenarios, firefighters often confront a combination of high-temperature, heat radiation, and physical exertion, frequently leading to heat stress reactions among firefighters and resulting in fainting, injuries, and casualties, which affects their physical and mental well-being. Moreover, thermal sensation and comfort significantly impact the operational efficiency of firefighters and the duration of effective rescue efforts. This analysis focused on the effectiveness of cooling vests in alleviating heat stress and improving thermal comfort for firefighters. Herein, we mitigate heat stress levels among firefighters, enhance the operational efficiency and the duration of emergency rescue operations, and validate the effectiveness of cooling vests.[Methods] This study utilized a high-temperature environmental chamber and silicon carbide radiant panel to construct a high-temperature and heat radiation experiment setup. Experiments were conducted in a composite environment at 35 ℃ and 2.5 kW/m2 heat radiation at two physical activity intensity levels, 4.5 and 7.0 km/h. This study involved physiological experiments on the human body and the use of subjective questionnaires to investigate the impact of cooling vests on the physiological and subjective responses of firefighters.
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