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陈平平(1986—),男,教授 |
收稿日期: 2025-02-26
网络出版日期: 2025-11-07
基金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目(62171135)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(62471140)
福建省高等教育产学合作项目(2024H6013)
福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2024J01250)
泉州市科技计划项目(2024QZGZ7)
版权
Multiuser detection algorithm based on an efficient Laplacian scale mixture prior
Received date: 2025-02-26
Online published: 2025-11-07
Copyright
针对现有多用户检测中稀疏Bayes学习(sparse Bayesian learning,SBL)算法的高复杂度问题,该文提出一种基于高效Laplace尺度混合(efficient Laplacian scale mixture,ELSM)先验的稀疏Bayes算法,通过引入代理函数来近似模型的Gauss似然函数,避免矩阵求逆,显著降低算法的复杂度。首先设计单测量向量(single measurement vector,SMV)的ELSM-SBL-SMV算法,提高系统重构性能。接着针对多测量向量(multiple measurement vector,MMV)场景,通过共享控制稀疏解的超参数,提出ELSM-SBL-MMV方案。实验结果表明,与现有SBL算法相比,所提ELSM-SBL-SMV算法可实现约2 dB的性能增益,ELSM-SBL-MMV则有3 dB增益。同时,ELSM-SBL-SMV的计算复杂度为
关键词: 稀疏Bayes学习; Laplace尺度混合; 多用户检测; 多测量向量
陈平平 , 林伟 , 石昌伟 , 冯裕楷 , 林志坚 , 方毅 . 基于高效Laplace尺度混合先验的多用户检测算法[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2025 , 65(11) : 2067 -2079 . DOI: 10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2025.27.048
Objective: With the rapid evolution of fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication technologies, massive machine-type communication (mMTC) has become a pivotal application scenario in modern networks. This paradigm shift presents significant challenges in multiuser detection, particularly due to the exponential growth in user connections and heightened signal activity. Traditional orthogonal multiple access schemes, while ensuring minimal interuser interference, inherently limit the number of supported users by relying on orthogonal resource allocation, thereby failing to meet the scalability demands of mMTC. Consequently, grant-free nonorthogonal multiple access has emerged as a key enabler for Internet of Things communications, allowing nonorthogonal data superposition on limited resource blocks to enhance access capacity. However, existing sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) algorithms—although capable of achieving optimal sparse solutions—suffer from high computational complexity, primarily due to matrix inversion operations during expectation-maximization iterations. This complexity impedes real-time deployment in large-scale mMTC systems. To address this gap, this work proposes a novel SBL framework leveraging an efficient Laplace scale mixture (ELSM) prior, aiming to simultaneously enhance detection performance, reduce computational overhead, and adapt to dynamic multimeasurement scenarios. Methods: This paper proposes an ELSM-SBL algorithm to overcome the limitations of conventional SBL methods. First, a hierarchical Bayesian model is constructed using a Laplace scale mixture prior, which leverages the sharp peaks and heavy-tailed properties of Laplace distributions to promote sparsity and robustness against outliers. To avoid computationally expensive matrix inversions, a surrogate function is introduced to approximate the Gaussian likelihood function. This approximation is optimized within a majorization-minimization (MM) framework, where a block coordinate descent (BCD) algorithm solves the resulting nonconvex optimization problem. For single measurement vector (SMV) scenarios, the ELSM-SBL-SMV algorithm optimizes hyperparameters via evidence maximization, while an MM framework with BCD resolves nonconvexity in the joint cost function. For multiple measurement vector (MMV) scenarios, the ELSM-SBL-MMV scheme exploits temporal correlations among active user sets across consecutive time slots by sharing sparsity-controlling hyperparameters, thereby enhancing reconstruction performance. Results: Extensive simulations were conducted under mMTC settings with a total user count of K=108, subcarriers N=72, and active users M=12 using BPSK modulation and repeated over 1, 000 trials. For MMV scenarios, the number of measurement vectors was set to T=7. Compared with state-of-the-art SBL algorithms (e.g., GIG-SBL, BGIG-SBL, and LSM-SBL), the proposed ELSM-SBL-SMV algorithm can achieve a performance gain of about 2 dB, while the ELSM-SBL-MMV algorithm can achieve a gain of 3 dB. Meanwhile, the computational complexity of ELSM-SBL-SMV is
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