热阻和湿阻是服装热性能的2个主要参数。暖体假人实验是测量热阻和湿阻最常用和最准确的方法之一。目前对热阻和湿阻的实验研究还只是在常温和低温下进行的。该文利用暖体假人“NEWTON”进行实验研究，先后分别测量了2套防护服在室温和高温下的热阻和湿阻。结果表明：高温下并联法计算得到的防护服总热阻比串联法计算得到的小；高温下防护服的总热阻比室温下的大幅减少，两者之间的比值范围约30%~38%；高温下轻型防护服的湿阻比常温下的湿阻小；对重型防护服而言，高温下用质量法得到的湿阻比常温下的低，而用热量法得到的湿阻比常温下高。
Abstract
The thermal insulation and evaporative resistance of clothing are the two main parameters related to clothing thermal comfort and protective ability. These two parameters, that all usually only measured for normal or cold atmospheric conditions, are measured here using a thermal manikin, one a commonly used and accurate method. This paper presents measurements of the thermal insulation and evaporative resistance of two-layer and three-layer protective clothing using the thermal manikin "NEWTON" in normal and hot environments. The tests show that, the parallel resistance method gives lower overall thermal resistances than the serial resistance method in hot environments. The tests also show that the thermal insulation resistances at high temperatures are 30%~38% lower than at normal conditions. The results also show that evaporative resistance of the two-layer clothing in the hot environment is less than for the warm condition and that the evaporative resistance of the three-layer clothing based on the mass loss method at high temperatures is less than in the normal environment, while the evaporative resistance based on the heat loss method in the hot environment is larger than that in the normal environment.
关键词
热阻 /
湿阻 /
暖体假人 /
防护服 /
高温 /
热辐射
Key words
thermal insulation /
evaporative resistance /
thermal manikin /
protective clothing /
hot environment /
thermal radiation
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参考文献
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