建筑业安全形势长期严峻, 人的不安全行为是造成事故发生的重要原因。在施工现场, 各类人员以任务为核心组成工作小组协同作业。每个工作小组至少有两个目标, 其一推进施工进度, 其二保障小组安全。小组成员间沟通、协作等交互作用对其行为有重要影响, 但是目前建筑业不安全行为研究没有充分考虑小组的各类成员, 缺乏对因成员交互而产生不安全行为的探索。该文以经典事故致因模型为理论基础, 使用主题分析方法基于中美两国129份高质量事故调查报告, 构建工作小组事故编码数据集, 通过凝练主题界定施工小组不安全行为并形成行为清单。清单共包含3类一级行为、7类二级行为和32类三级行为。数据集的统计结果表明：72%的事故中存在清单中的“未监督”行为, 缺少发挥监督职能的成员是导致工作小组事故的重要原因。该研究为管控施工不安全行为提供了参考。

Objective: The construction industry is suffering from a long-term and grave situation regarding construction safety. Unsafe behavior is a major cause of accidents. In practice, construction tasks are usually accomplished by people organized as a team. Each team has two primary goals: advance the construction process and ensure team safety. However, the current studies of the collaborative work of teams in the construction industry primarily consider scheduled tasks and fail to adequately consider the various types of members (workers, contractors, safety officers, subcontract safety officers, technicians, quality inspectors, supervisors, and government or A-party representatives) that are involved in working for safety. Moreover, members can be supported by the team. Interactions such as communication and collaboration among team members have an important impact on their behaviors; moreover, the types and characteristics of interacting and noninteracting unsafe behaviors that occur in collaborative work accidents deserve further exploration. Methods: This study implements thematic analysis based on the classic accident causation model and 129 high-quality accident investigation reports from China and the United States. Results: The results of the thematic analysis give a behavior list with 3 primary behavior types, 7 secondary behavior types, and 32 tertiary behavior types. Compared with traditional individual unsafe behaviors, construction collaborative unsafe behaviors increase by 23 team behavior types, including 11 unsafe sharing behavior types and 12 unsafe supervisory behavior types. The statistical results of the coded dataset show that (1) among the collaborative unsafe behaviors, unsafe actions, unsafe behaviors, and unsafe supervision appear 155, 86, and 152 times, respectively, and the sharing and supervisory unsafe behaviors also deserve more attention. (2) Among the unsafe sharing behaviors, lack of verbal communication is the most frequent, and therefore, training communication within the team must be focused on during management practice. (3) Among the unsafe supervisory behaviors, wrongly pointing out behavior is the most frequent, and therefore, training grassroots managers and grassroots supervisors to appropriately point out the safety hazards in collaborative work must be focused on during management practice. (4) For common workers, the most frequent unsafe behavior is breaking into the risk area; for special workers, procedure violations; and for grassroots managers and grassroots supervisors, no supervision at the site. These results indicate a large difference in the unsafe behaviors that must be heeded for different roles in the work team and the deeper reasons for the difference need to be further explored. (5) Unsupervised behavior is presented in 72% of the accidents and the lack of members performing supervisory functions is an important cause of work team accidents. Conclusion: This study provides references for controlling unsafe construction behaviors.